找不到Python可执行文件“Python”

Question

当我用npm安装iconv时，得到以下错误：

iconv@2.1.0 install /root/Dropbox/nodeApps/nodeApp/node_modules/iconv node-gyp rebuild

gyp ERR! configure error 
gyp ERR! stack Error: Can't find Python executable "python", you can set the PYTHON env variable.
gyp ERR! stack     at failNoPython (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/lib/configure.js:103:14)
gyp ERR! stack     at /usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/lib/configure.js:42:11
gyp ERR! stack     at F (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/which/which.js:43:25)
gyp ERR! stack     at E (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/which/which.js:46:29)
gyp ERR! stack     at /usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/which/which.js:57:16
gyp ERR! stack     at Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
gyp ERR! System Linux 3.8.0-19-generic
gyp ERR! command "node" "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js" "rebuild"
gyp ERR! cwd /root/Dropbox/nodeApps/nodeApp/node_modules/iconv
gyp ERR! node -v v0.10.28
gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v0.13.0
gyp ERR! not ok 

npm ERR! iconv@2.1.0 install: `node-gyp rebuild`
npm ERR! Exit status 1
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Failed at the iconv@2.1.0 install script.
npm ERR! This is most likely a problem with the iconv package,
npm ERR! not with npm itself.
npm ERR! Tell the author that this fails on your system:
npm ERR!     node-gyp rebuild
npm ERR! You can get their info via:
npm ERR!     npm owner ls iconv
npm ERR! There is likely additional logging output above.
npm ERR! System Linux 3.8.0-19-generic
npm ERR! command "node" "/usr/local/bin/npm" "i"
npm ERR! cwd /root/Dropbox/nodeApps/nodeApp
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.28
npm ERR! npm -v 1.4.10
npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Additional logging details can be found in:
npm ERR!     /root/Dropbox/nodeApps/nodeApp/npm-debug.log
npm ERR! not ok code 0

尽管我安装了python并可以从控制台运行它：

# python
Python 2.7.3 (default, May  9 2014, 12:18:32) 
[GCC 4.8.2] on linux2

在~/.bashrc中设置PATH：

export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/Python-2.7.3
export PATH=$PATH:/Python-2.7.3

完成. ~/.bashrc

Answer 1

问题是因为~/.bashrc未在ssh登录时加载。我把PATH变量放在~/.bash_profile上，就可以了

Answer 2

在bash会话中，只要键入python并获得有效的响应，就可以键入which python，并注意python二进制文件的完整路径位置。把这个位置放到PYTHONPATH和PATH环境变量中，除了结尾没有python。

例如，which python给我：

/usr/local/bin/python

所以我会写：

export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/usr/local/bin
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin

在我的~/.bashrc里。

Answer 3

对于在Ubuntu 16.04上遇到这个问题的任何人…
node-gyp无法使用Python 3.5.X，它似乎是16.04附带的默认版本。我在某个地方读到16.04也应该和Python2一起发布，但是在我的安装中找不到它。

我通过以下方式解决了上述问题：

apt-get update     
apt-get install python2.7    
ln -s /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python 

现在当node-gyp查找python时，它将命中Python2.7安装并正确加载。