缺少1个必需的位置参数：'self'

Question

这是我的代码：

class Email_Stuff():
    def __init__(self):
        self.emailaddr = None
        self.recipaddr = None
        self.EmailUser = None
        self.EmailPass = None
    def From_Email(self):
        self.emailaddr = turtle.textinput("Your Email", "What is your email address?")
    def To_Email(self):
        self.recipaddr = turtle.textinput("Client Email", "What is your client's email address?")
    def Email_Username(self):
        self.EmailUser = turtle.textinput("Your Email Username", "What is your email username?")
    def Email_Password(self):
        self.EmailPass = turtle.textinput("Your Email Password", "What is your email Password?")
    def Send_Email(self):
        print (self.emailaddr) #these are here for me to see if it is the right input
        print(self.recipaddr)
        print(self.EmailUser)
        print(self.EmailPass)
        import smtplib
        server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
        server.login((self.EmailUser),(self.EmailPass))
        self.message = "Python Test Email"
        server.sendmail(self.emailaddr,self.recipaddr,self.message)

我有一个连接到电子邮件的按钮。从电子邮件和连接到电子邮件的按钮。从电子邮件等。。。

每当我按下按钮打开turtle窗口时，就会出现以下错误：

Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
Fileline "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.3/lib/python3.3/tkinter/__init__.py", 1475, in __call__
return self.func(*args)
TypeError: From_Email() missing 1 required positional argument: 'self'

但如果我从“发件人”和“收件人”邮件中取出自拍。。

class Email_Stuff():
    def __init__(self):
        self.emailaddr = None
        self.recipaddr = None
        self.EmailUser = None
        self.EmailPass = None
    def From_Email():
        self.emailaddr = turtle.textinput("Your Email", "What is your email address?")
    def To_Email():
        self.recipaddr = turtle.textinput("Client Email", "What is your client's email address?")
    def Email_Username():
        self.EmailUser = turtle.textinput("Your Email Username", "What is your email username?")
    def Email_Password():
        self.EmailPass = turtle.textinput("Your Email Password", "What is your email Password?")
    def Send_Email(self):
        print (self.emailaddr) #these are here for me to see if it is the right input
        print(self.recipaddr)
        print(self.EmailUser)
        print(self.EmailPass)
        import smtplib
        server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
        server.login((self.EmailUser),(self.EmailPass))
        self.message = "Python Test Email"
        server.sendmail(self.emailaddr,self.recipaddr,self.message)

我收到此错误消息（并非全部）：

    self.emailaddr = turtle.textinput("Your Email", "What is your email address?")
    NameError: global name 'self' is not defined

下面是按钮代码：

Email_Button = Button(root, text='Enter Your Email', command=Email_Stuff.From_Email)
Email_Button.pack()
Email_Button.place(x=250,y=210)

请帮忙！我很抱歉给你发了这么长的信

Answer 1

在调用方法之前是否创建了电子邮件内容的实例？因为self是调用方法的当前对象，所以需要它。

class A():
    def __init__(self, attr):
        self.attr = attr
    def func(self):
        print(self.attr)

a = A(42)
a.func() # print 42
# or
A(32).func() # print 32

Answer 2

我认为你遇到了以下问题。如果您选择以下类F：

class F():
     def foo(self):
         return 1

尝试调用F.foo()，应该会得到一个与您看到的错误类似的错误。

>>> F.foo()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: unbound method foo() must be called with F instance as first argument (got nothing instead)

您需要做的是对F的对象调用foo()：

>>> f=F()
>>> f.foo()
1

I have a button connected to Email_Stuff.From_Email and a button connected to Email_Stuff.From_Email etc...

您可能需要实例化Email_Stuff的对象，然后调用yourobject.From_Email()。（如果您的类Email_Stuff也包含GUI按钮处理程序的内容，您可以从按钮处理程序调用self.From_Email()）