通过Python的请求库访问Moodle服务器的API
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<p>我试图使用Python的请求库访问Moodle安装的web服务。我有API的文档和一个用php编写的示例项目（我以前没有看过php，比我预期的要难理解得多），但我真的很难正确格式化请求。网站返回的是检测到的无效参数，所以我很确定我的端点、授权令牌和服务器配置都在工作，只是数据格式让我失望。</p>
<p>首先是错误。。。</p>
<pre><code><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<EXCEPTION class="invalid_parameter_exception">
<ERRORCODE>invalidparameter</ERRORCODE>
<MESSAGE>Invalid parameter value detected</MESSAGE>
</EXCEPTION>
</code></pre>
<p>现在我的代码。。。</p>
^{pr2}$
<p>这是网站的文档</p>
<p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/jeEgN.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer">moodle api general structure</a></p>
<p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/tCOT4.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer">moodle api XML-RPC (PHP structure)</a></p>
<p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/Gx7LF.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer">moodle api REST (POST parameters)</a></p>
<p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/69OLR.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer">moodle response format 1</a></p>
<p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/T76dQ.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer">moodle response format 2</a></p>
<p>最后是php中的例子。</p>
<pre><code><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>V6</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
//load curl.php
require_once('curl.php');
function randomPassword() //according to Moodle password requirements
{
$part1 = "";
$part2 = "";
$part3 = "";
//alphanumeric LOWER
$alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuwxyz";
$password_created = array(); //remember to declare $pass as an array
$alphabetLength = strlen($alphabet) - 1; //put the length -1 in cache
for ($i = 0; $i < 3; $i++)
{
$pos = rand(0, $alphabetLength); // rand(int $min , int $max)
$password_created[] = $alphabet[$pos];
}
$part1 = implode($password_created); //turn the array into a string
//echo"<br/>part1 = $part1";
//alphanumeric UPPER
$alphabet = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUWXYZ";
$password_created = array(); //remember to declare $pass as an array
$alphabetLength = strlen($alphabet) - 1; //put the length -1 in cache
for ($i = 0; $i < 3; $i++)
{
$pos = rand(0, $alphabetLength); // rand(int $min , int $max)
$password_created[] = $alphabet[$pos];
}
$part2 = implode($password_created); //turn the array into a string
//echo"<br/>part2 = $part2";
//alphanumeric NUMBER
$alphabet = "0123456789";
$password_created = array(); //remember to declare $pass as an array
$alphabetLength = strlen($alphabet) - 1; //put the length -1 in cache
for ($i = 0; $i < 2; $i++)
{
$pos = rand(0, $alphabetLength); // rand(int $min , int $max)
$password_created[] = $alphabet[$pos];
}
$part3 = implode($password_created); //turn the array into a string
//echo"<br/>part3 = $part3";
$password = $part1 . $part2 . $part3 . "#";
return $password;
}
function getCDate()
{
$format = "Ymd";
$fulldate = date($format);
//echo"<br/>fulldate = $fulldate";
return $fulldate;
}
function enrol($user_id, $course_id)
{
$role_id = 5; //assign role to be Student
$domainname = 'http://www.yoursite.eu'; //paste your domain here
$wstoken = '8486ed14f3ghjec8967a0229d0a28zzz'; //here paste your enrol token
$wsfunctionname = 'enrol_manual_enrol_users';
$enrolment = array( 'roleid' => $role_id, 'userid' => $user_id, 'courseid' => $course_id );
$enrolments = array($enrolment);
$params = array( 'enrolments' => $enrolments );
header('Content-Type: text/plain');
$serverurl = $domainname . "/webservice/rest/server.php?wstoken=" . $wstoken . "&wsfunction=" . $wsfunctionname;
$curl = new curl;
$restformat = ($restformat == 'json')?'&moodlewsrestformat=' . $restformat:'';
$resp = $curl->post($serverurl . $restformat, $params);
print_r($resp);
}
function getUserDetails()
{
$firstname = "TestUser";
$lastname = "TestUser";
$email = "TestUser@zzz.gr";
$city = "Thessaloniki";
$country = "EL";
$description= "ZZZ";
//assign username
//get first two letters of name and surname
//$strlength_user = strlen($firstname);
//$strlength_pass = strlen($lastname);
$rest_firstname = substr($firstname, 0, 2);
$rest_lastname = substr($lastname, 0, 2);
$part1 = $rest_firstname . $rest_lastname;
$part1 = strtolower($part1);
//echo"<br/>part1 = $part1";
$dt = getCDate();
$part2 = substr($dt, -4);
//echo"<br/>part2 = $part2";
$username = $part1 . "." . $part2;
echo"<br/>Username = $username";
//assign password
$password = randomPassword();
echo"<br/>Password = $password";
//call WS core_user_create_user of moodle to store the new user
$domainname = 'http://www.yoursite.eu';
$wstoken = 'ed1f6d3ebadg372f95f28cd96bd43zzz'; //here paste your create user token
$wsfunctionname = 'core_user_create_users';
//REST return value
$restformat = 'xml';
//parameters
$user1 = new stdClass();
$user1->username = $username;
$user1->password = $password;
$user1->firstname = $firstname;
$user1->lastname = $lastname;
$user1->email = $email;
$user1->auth = 'manual';
$user1->idnumber = 'numberID';
$user1->lang = 'en';
$user1->city = $city;
$user1->country = $country;
$user1->description = $description;
$users = array($user1);
$params = array('users' => $users);
//REST call
header('Content-Type: text/plain');
$serverurl = $domainname . "/webservice/rest/server.php?wstoken=" . $wstoken . "&wsfunction=" . $wsfunctionname;
$curl = new curl;
$restformat = ($restformat == 'json')?'&moodlewsrestformat=' . $restformat:'';
$resp = $curl->post($serverurl . $restformat, $params);
print_r($resp);\
//get id from $resp
$xml_tree = new SimpleXMLElement($resp);
print_r($xml_tree);
$value = $xml_tree->MULTIPLE->SINGLE->KEY->VALUE;
$user_id = intval(sprintf("%s",$value));
echo"<br/>user_id number = $user_id";
//enrol_manual_enrol_users
//for($i = 64; $i < 70; $i++) //where 64,65,66,67,68,69 are the six ids of the six courses of phase 1
for($i = 64; $i < 65; $i++)
{
echo "\nThe user has been successfully enrolled to course " . $i;
$course_id = $i;
enrol($user_id, $course_id);
}
}
getUserDetails();
?>
</body>
</html>
</code></pre>
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