Xlsxwriter:TypeError:“需要字符串或缓冲区”

Question

我有一个例外，如标题所述，当我试图从一个被查询过滤的模型生成一个excel文件时。查询按预期工作，并给出正确和完整的结果。但是，当我试图生成excel文件时，会发生很大的问题：

  File "/home/luismasuelli/Proyectos/CentralCar/main/views.py", line 100, in export_xls
    workbook.close()
  File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xlsxwriter/workbook.py", line 237, in close
    self._store_workbook()
  File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xlsxwriter/workbook.py", line 405, in _store_workbook
    xml_files = packager._create_package()
  File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xlsxwriter/packager.py", line 139, in _create_package
    self._write_shared_strings_file()
  File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xlsxwriter/packager.py", line 265, in _write_shared_strings_file
    sst._assemble_xml_file()
  File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xlsxwriter/sharedstrings.py", line 53, in _assemble_xml_file
    self._write_sst_strings()
  File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xlsxwriter/sharedstrings.py", line 83, in _write_sst_strings
    self._write_si(string)
  File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xlsxwriter/sharedstrings.py", line 95, in _write_si
    string = re.sub('(_x[0-9a-fA-F]{4}_)', r'_x005F\1', string)
  File "/home/luismasuelli/.virtualenvs/py27dj15/lib/python2.7/re.py", line 151, in sub
    return _compile(pattern, flags).sub(repl, string, count)
TypeError: expected string or buffer

是什么导致了我的例外？我试着按照建议将编码改为utf8，但这对我没有帮助。在

我在django应用程序中使用Xlsxwriter 0.5.2/python 2.7.4（ubuntu），如下所示：

^{pr2}$

作为我的模范联系人：

class Contact(models.Model):

    DIAS = (
        #('?', 'Cualquiera'),
        ('L', 'Lunes'),
        ('M', 'Martes'),
        ('I', 'Miercoles'),
        ('J', 'Jueves'),
        ('V', 'Viernes'),
        ('S', 'Sábado')
    )
    KILOMETRAJE = (
        #('??', '(No especifica)'),
        ('00', '0km'),
        ('05', '1 - 5000km'),
        ('10', '5000km - 10000km'),
        ('15', '10001km - 15000km'),
        ('20', '15001km - 20000km'),
        ('25', '20001km - 25000km'),
        ('30', '25001km - 30000km'),
        ('35', '30001km - 35000km'),
        ('40', '35001km - 40000km'),
        ('45', '40001km - 45000km'),
        ('50', '45001km - 50000km'),
        ('55', '50001km - 55000km'),
        ('60', '55001km - 60000km'),
        ('65', '60001km - 65000km'),
        ('70', '65001km - 70000km'),
        ('75', '70001km - 75000km'),
        ('80', '75001km - 80000km'),
        ('85', '80001km - 85000km'),
        ('90', '85001km - 90000km'),
        ('95', '90001km - 950000km'),
        ('XX', '95001km - 100000km'),
        ('++', 'Más de 100000km')
    )

    enviado_en = models.DateTimeField(default=tznow, null=False, db_index=True, verbose_name=_(u"Enviado en"))
    #campos de contacto
    nombre = models.CharField(max_length=30, null=False, blank=False, db_index=True, verbose_name=_(u"Nombre"))
    apellido = models.CharField(max_length=30, null=False, blank=False, db_index=True, verbose_name=_(u"Apellido"))
    email = models.EmailField(null=False, blank=False, db_index=True, verbose_name=_(u"E-mail"))
    telefono = models.CharField(max_length=10, null=False, blank=False, db_index=True, validators=[contact_phone_number_format], verbose_name=_(u"Teléfono"))
    ciudad = models.CharField(max_length=20, null=False, blank=False, validators=[validate_ciudad], verbose_name=_(u"Ciudad"))
    #campos solamente de cotizacion
    vehiculo = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True, db_index=True, choices=vehicle_choices(), verbose_name=_(u"Vehículo"))
    kilometraje = models.CharField(max_length=2, blank=True, db_index=True, choices=KILOMETRAJE, default='05', verbose_name=_(u"Kilometraje"))
    #campos solamente de agendar cita
    dia_preferente = models.CharField(max_length=1, blank=True, choices=DIAS, default='L', verbose_name=_(u'Día para cita'))
    #mensaje
    mensaje = models.TextField(max_length=4095, null=False, blank=False, verbose_name=_(u"Mensaje"))

假设vehicle_choices（）存在，并为输入字段返回有效的选择集。在

Answer 1

我找到了答案：verbose_name对象实际上是从ugettext_lazy返回的代理。调用force_unicode（ugl_obj）将它们转换为字符串（转换不会自动完成）。在

在我的例子中，页眉打印中的每个值都被包装起来，例如：

    worksheet.write_string(0, 0, force_unicode(Contact._meta.get_field('enviado_en').verbose_name), header_format)