与Djang一起使用的virtualenv python3中的psycopg2有问题

Question

我有一个Django项目，我想用PostgreSQL数据库，但我对psycopg2有问题。当我试图运行dev服务器或执行syncdb时，我得到了这个错误。我的项目是在一个virtualenv中运行python3.4和django1.6。在

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql_psycopg2/base.py", line 22, in <module>
    import psycopg2.extensions
ImportError: No module named 'psycopg2.extensions'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 399, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 392, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 242, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__)
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 280, in execute
    translation.activate('en-us')
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/utils/translation/__init__.py", line 130, in activate
    return _trans.activate(language)
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py", line 188, in activate
    _active.value = translation(language)
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py", line 177, in translation
    default_translation = _fetch(settings.LANGUAGE_CODE)
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py", line 159, in _fetch
    app = import_module(appname)
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/importlib/__init__.py", line 109, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2231, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2214, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2203, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1200, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1129, in _exec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1448, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 321, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
    from django.contrib.admin.sites import AdminSite, site
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/sites.py", line 4, in <module>
    from django.contrib.admin.forms import AdminAuthenticationForm
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/forms.py", line 6, in <module>
    from django.contrib.auth.forms import AuthenticationForm
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/forms.py", line 17, in <module>
    from django.contrib.auth.models import User
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 48, in <module>
    class Permission(models.Model):
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 96, in __new__
    new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, **kwargs))
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 264, in add_to_class
    value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 124, in contribute_to_class
    self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 34, in __getattr__
    return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 198, in __getitem__
    backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 113, in load_backend
    return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/importlib/__init__.py", line 109, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "/home/gabriel/DevSpace/Django_Projects/Kevmo/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql_psycopg2/base.py", line 25, in <module>
    raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading psycopg2 module: %s" % e)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading psycopg2 module: No module named 'psycopg2.extensions'

我认为我没有在virtualenv中安装这个模块，这是用pip冻结来确认的，所以我试图用pip安装它，但是安装程序失败了，psycopg2，根据pip freeze仍然没有安装。奇怪的是，我可以使用python解释器导入psycopg2，但Django由于某种原因看不到它，而且pip中没有列出它。这就是我遇到问题的地方，在运行pip install psycopg2之后，我得到了这个错误消息。在

^{pr2}$

我在SO和其他一些地方四处寻找，发现一些人似乎和我有同样的问题，比如这个人，How to install psycopg2 with "pip" on Python?，每个人似乎都说我的问题将通过执行包含执行安装所需的C组件的apt-get install libpq-dev python-dev来解决。不幸的是，我已经有了这些包，以及PostgreSQL和PostgreSQL开发工具，所以我不确定应该怎么做来修复这个错误。有没有人知道导致这个错误的另一种方法不是丢失包？在

Answer 1

为了解决这个问题，我按照莱昂纳多的建议安装了python3dev。我试图使用python2dev工具，但显然行不通。在