<p>以下是一个函数,在我所知的所有情况下,它应该返回任何py_二进制文件的runfiles根路径:</p>
<pre><code>import os
import re
def find_runfiles():
"""Find the runfiles tree (useful when _not_ run from a zip file)"""
# Follow symlinks, looking for my module space
stub_filename = os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])
while True:
# Found it?
module_space = stub_filename + '.runfiles'
if os.path.isdir(module_space):
break
runfiles_pattern = r"(.*\.runfiles)"
matchobj = re.match(runfiles_pattern, os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0]))
if matchobj:
module_space = matchobj.group(1)
break
raise RuntimeError('Cannot find .runfiles directory for %s' %
sys.argv[0])
return module_space
</code></pre>
<p>对于问题中的示例,您可以这样使用:</p>
^{pr2}$
<p>请注意,如果您构建python应用程序的压缩可执行文件(可能使用<a href="https://github.com/google/subpar" rel="noreferrer">subpar</a>),那么这个函数将不会有帮助;对于这些应用程序,您需要更多的代码。下一个代码片段包括<code>get_resource_filename()</code>和<code>get_resource_directory()</code>,这两个代码既适用于常规py二进制文件,也适用于.par二进制文件:</p>
<pre><code>import atexit
import os
import re
import shutil
import sys
import tempfile
import zipfile
def get_resource_filename(path):
zip_path = get_zip_path(sys.modules.get("__main__").__file__)
if zip_path:
tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
atexit.register(lambda: shutil.rmtree(tmpdir, ignore_errors=True))
zf = BetterZipFile(zip_path)
zf.extract(member=path, path=tmpdir)
return os.path.join(tmpdir, path)
elif os.path.exists(path):
return path
else:
path_in_runfiles = os.path.join(find_runfiles(), path)
if os.path.exists(path_in_runfiles):
return path_in_runfiles
else:
raise ResourceNotFoundError
def get_resource_directory(path):
"""Find or extract an entire subtree and return its location."""
zip_path = get_zip_path(sys.modules.get("__main__").__file__)
if zip_path:
tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
atexit.register(lambda: shutil.rmtree(tmpdir, ignore_errors=True))
zf = BetterZipFile(zip_path)
members = []
for fn in zf.namelist():
if fn.startswith(path):
members += [fn]
zf.extractall(members=members, path=tmpdir)
return os.path.join(tmpdir, path)
elif os.path.exists(path):
return path
else:
path_in_runfiles = os.path.join(find_runfiles(), path)
if os.path.exists(path_in_runfiles):
return path_in_runfiles
else:
raise ResourceNotFoundError
def get_zip_path(path):
"""If path is inside a zip file, return the zip file's path."""
if path == os.path.sep:
return None
elif zipfile.is_zipfile(path):
return path
return get_zip_path(os.path.dirname(path))
class ResourceNotFoundError(RuntimeError):
pass
def find_runfiles():
"""Find the runfiles tree (useful when _not_ run from a zip file)"""
# Follow symlinks, looking for my module space
stub_filename = os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0])
while True:
# Found it?
module_space = stub_filename + '.runfiles'
if os.path.isdir(module_space):
break
runfiles_pattern = r"(.*\.runfiles)"
matchobj = re.match(runfiles_pattern, os.path.abspath(sys.argv[0]))
if matchobj:
module_space = matchobj.group(1)
break
raise RuntimeError('Cannot find .runfiles directory for %s' %
sys.argv[0])
return module_space
class BetterZipFile(zipfile.ZipFile):
"""Shim around ZipFile that preserves permissions on extract."""
def extract(self, member, path=None, pwd=None):
if not isinstance(member, zipfile.ZipInfo):
member = self.getinfo(member)
if path is None:
path = os.getcwd()
ret_val = self._extract_member(member, path, pwd)
attr = member.external_attr >> 16
os.chmod(ret_val, attr)
return ret_val
</code></pre>
<p>使用第二个代码片段,您的示例将如下所示:</p>
<pre><code>with open(get_resource_filename("name_of_workspace/bar/data.json"), 'r') as fp:
data = json.load(fp)
</code></pre>