我尝试使用Python Selenium登录一个网站,代码如下:
import time
from contextlib import contextmanager
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
@contextmanager
def getBrowser(*options):
chrome_options = Options()
if options: [chrome_options.add_argument(option) for option in options]
browser = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
try:
yield browser
finally:
browser.quit()
with getBrowser() as browser:
browser.get('https://www.vinted.com/members/notifications')
time.sleep(20)
browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="content"]/div/div[2]/div/div/div[6]/div[3]/div[3]/a/span').click()
它工作得很好,但是当我向浏览器添加--headless
选项时,它会引发一个NoSuchElementException
。在
引发代码时出错:
^{pr2}$回溯:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<ipython-input-4-fe0834deb137>", line 1, in <module>
runfile('C:/Users/Alec/vinted test case.py', wdir='C:/Users/Alec')
File "C:\Users\Alec\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\spyder\utils\site\sitecustomize.py", line 705, in runfile
execfile(filename, namespace)
File "C:\Users\Alec\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\spyder\utils\site\sitecustomize.py", line 102, in execfile
exec(compile(f.read(), filename, 'exec'), namespace)
File "C:/Users/Alec/vinted test case.py", line 27, in <module>
browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="content"]/div/div[2]/div/div/div[6]/div[3]/div[3]/a/span').click()
File "C:\Users\Alec\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 354, in find_element_by_xpath
return self.find_element(by=By.XPATH, value=xpath)
File "C:\Users\Alec\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 832, in find_element
'value': value})['value']
File "C:\Users\Alec\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 297, in execute
self.error_handler.check_response(response)
File "C:\Users\Alec\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py", line 194, in check_response
raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
NoSuchElementException: no such element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"xpath","selector":"//*[@id="content"]/div/div[2]/div/div/div[6]/div[3]/div[3]/a/span"}
(Session info: headless chrome=65.0.3325.181)
(Driver info: chromedriver=2.36.540470 (e522d04694c7ebea4ba8821272dbef4f9b818c91),platform=Windows NT 10.0.16299 x86_64)
此错误仅在浏览器无头时发生。是什么导致了这种行为?它能在无头模式下工作吗?在
目标HTML:
<div class="u-flex-grow">
<a class="c-button--inverse c-button--normal c-button--amplified c-button " href="/member/general/login?ref_url=%2Fmembers%2Fnotifications"><span class="c-button__content">Log In</span></a>
</div>
我曾经在使用这些工具的版本时遇到过一些麻烦。我通过确保安装了最新版本的Chrome和webdriver修复了这个问题。也许是类似的问题?!在
但除此之外,你的选择取决于很多因素。因此,想象html在无头模式下看起来有点不同可能会导致您的问题。在
我会尝试使用一个不那么严格的选择器,如下所示:
//a[starts-with(@href,'/member/general/login?')]
如果这不起作用,尝试从headless模式将html转储到一个文件中。只是想看看无头浏览器看到了什么,并尝试用它构建一个花哨的选择器。在
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