pygame中的速度和音频问题

Question

两件事。有人能帮我理解为什么速度不上升吗？我打印了VEL，它确实上升了，但有些东西使它下降了。如果有人能告诉我如何循环音乐，这样音乐就不会结束，那也太好了。（太空音乐）。如果你还想知道什么，请告诉我。我之所以把这个游戏作为笔记来制作，是因为我正在为一个项目学习更多关于python和pygame的知识。如果您不知道正在做什么或感到困惑，请告诉我。我没有包括这些文件，因为我认为你真的不需要下载来弄清楚，但如果需要的话我可以

import pygame
import random
from replit import audio

pygame.init()


bg = pygame.image.load("spacebg.png")
player = pygame.image.load("UFO.png")
obstacle = pygame.image.load("Asteroid.png")




highscore = 0
score = 0
counter = 0
multiplier = 1
level = 1

obstacle1x = random.randint(128,512)
obstacle1y = random.randint(128,512)
obstacle2x = random.randint(128,512)
obstacle2y = random.randint(128,512)
obstacle3x = random.randint(128,512)
obstacle3y = random.randint(128,512)



coinx = random.randint(128,512)
coiny = random.randint(128,512)


font = pygame.font.SysFont("arial", 30, True)


compwin = pygame.display.set_mode((512,512))

pygame.display.set_caption("RICH ALIEN DON'T DIE")
x=50
y=50
vel = 5

vel1 = random.randint(-5,5)
vel2 = random.randint(-5,5)
vel3 = random.randint(-5,5)
vel4 = random.randint(-5,5)
vel5 = random.randint(-5,5)
vel6 = random.randint(-5,5)


source1 = audio.play_file("space music.wav")



run = True
while run:
  
  pygame.time.delay(30)
  for event in pygame.event.get():
    if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
      run = False
  keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
  
  if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] and x > vel:
    x-= vel
  if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]and x < 512 - 64 - vel:
    x+= vel
  if keys[pygame.K_UP] and y > vel: 
    y-= vel
  if keys[pygame.K_DOWN] and y < 512 - 64 - vel:
    y+= vel

  hitbox1 = pygame.draw.rect(compwin,(0,0,0), (obstacle1x,obstacle1y,64,64) )
  hitbox2 = pygame.draw.rect(compwin,(0,0,0), (obstacle2x,obstacle2y,64,64) )
  hitbox3 = pygame.draw.rect(compwin,(0,0,0), (obstacle3x,obstacle3y,64,64) )
  hitbox = pygame.draw.rect(compwin,(0,0,0), (x,y,64,64) )
  
  compwin.blit(bg,(0,0))

  obstacle1x = obstacle1x +vel1
  obstacle1y = obstacle1y +vel2
  obstacle2x = obstacle2x +vel3
  obstacle2y = obstacle2y +vel4
  obstacle3x = obstacle3x +vel5
  obstacle3y = obstacle3y +vel6
  
  if obstacle1x < 0 or obstacle1x > 512 - vel1:
     vel1 = vel1 * -1
  if obstacle1y < 0 or obstacle1y > 512 - vel2:
     vel2 = vel2 * -1 
  if obstacle2x < 0 or obstacle2x > 512 - vel3:
     vel3 = vel3 * -1
  if obstacle2y < 0 or obstacle2y > 512 - vel4:
     vel4 = vel4 * -1
  if obstacle3x < 0 or obstacle3x > 512 - vel5:
     vel5 = vel5 * -1
  if obstacle3y < 0 or obstacle3y > 512 - vel6:
     vel6 = vel6 * -1
  


  compwin.blit(player,(x,y))

  compwin.blit(obstacle,(obstacle1x,obstacle1y))
  compwin.blit(obstacle,(obstacle2x,obstacle2y))
  compwin.blit(obstacle,(obstacle3x,obstacle3y))

  coin = pygame.draw.circle(compwin,(212,175,55),(coinx, coiny,),(16))
  if score > highscore:
    highscore = score
  text = font.render("Score: " +str(score), 1,(255,255,255))
  text2 = font.render("Highscore: " + str(highscore), 1, (255, 255, 255))
  text3 = font.render("Level: " +str(level), 1,(255,255,255))
  compwin.blit(text, (55, 10))
  compwin.blit(text2, (255, 10))
  compwin.blit(text3, (190, 482))
  if hitbox.colliderect(hitbox1) or hitbox.colliderect(hitbox2, ) or hitbox.colliderect(hitbox3):
   
    source = audio.play_file("mixkit-truck-crash-with-explosion-1616.wav")
    obstacle1x = random.randint(128,512)
    obstacle1y = random.randint(128,512)
    obstacle2x = random.randint(128,512)
    obstacle2y = random.randint(128,512)
    obstacle3x = random.randint(128,512)
    obstacle3y = random.randint(128,512)
  
    
    coinx = random.randint(128,512)
    coiny = random.randint(128,512)

 
    x=50
    y=50
    score = 0
    counter = 0
    multiplier = 1
    level = 1
  elif hitbox.colliderect(coin):
    score += multiplier
    counter+=1
    for i in [vel1,vel2,vel3,vel4,vel5,vel6]:
      print(i)
    coinx = random.randint(10,512)
    coiny = random.randint(10,512)
    if counter == 5:
      multiplier += 1
      counter = 0
      level+= 1
      for i in [vel1,vel2,vel3,vel4,vel5,vel6]:
        if i < 0:
          i += -1  
        else:
          i+= 1
          
  else:
    pygame.display.update()
    


pygame.quit()
    

Answer 1

@Rabbid76的意思是，在这样做时：

for i in [vel1,vel2,vel3,vel4,vel5,vel6]:
   if i < 0:
      i += -1  
   else:
      i += 1

i在每次迭代时都成为vel1、vel2的副本，依此类推。 但是i并不是指这些变量。所以基本上，你的循环 没有效果。换句话说，它相当于：

i = vel1            #  copy vel1 in i
if i < 0: i += - 1  #  no effect on vel1
else: i += 1        #  no effect on vel1
i = vel2            #  copy vel2 in i
if i < 0: i += - 1  #  no effect on vel2
else: i += 1        #  no effect on vel2
...

相反，您可以用列表替换velI变量：

vel_list = [
   random.randint(-5,5),
   random.randint(-5,5),
   random.randint(-5,5),
   random.randint(-5,5),
   random.randint(-5,5),
   random.randint(-5,5)
]

然后可以将for循环重写为：

for i in range(len(vel_list)):
   if vel_list[i] < 0:
      vel_list[i] += -1  
   else:
      vel_list[i] += 1

现在它可以工作了，因为这里i是列表中某个项目的索引。 因此，您可以直接更新列表中的项目，而不是副本

当然，如果你这样做了，你需要改变你的程序 vel1通过{}，{}通过{}等等

最后一件事：您可以使用列表理解来简化代码

#  initialisation
vel_list = [random.randint(-5,5) for x in range(5)]

#  update
vel_list = [v - 1 if v < 0 else v + 1 for v in vel_list]