根据定义的属性对变量列表进行分类

Question

我正在PyCharm中运行Python3.7，我想知道如何最好地打开和读取一个文本文件，该文件包含五个多语言学生及其语言的列表，然后，我想根据每个学生是否有特定的期望语言对他们进行分类。一些学生会说一种或多种所需的语言，但我只想根据以下内容列出他们的名字

1）说阿拉伯语的学生

2）不会说阿拉伯语但会说英语的学生

3）不会说阿拉伯语或英语但会说法语的学生

students.txt（班上有5名学生[未排序]）

John Arabic,
Ron French,
John French,
Jane French,
Pat English,
John French,
Jane Arabic,
Pat Spanish,
Ron English,
Sarah French,

结果如下：

John Arabic
Jane Arabic
Pat English
Ron English
Sarah French

我已经玩了好几个小时了，还没来得及弄明白。我尝试了所有的方法，从循环列表到测试列表中是否有东西，嵌套if语句，以及基本正则表达式，但我运气不太好。欢迎提出任何建议

这是我想到的，但是正在工作

def clean_up():
    final_list = []
    no_list = []
    with open('student.txt', "r") as infile:
        for lines in infile.read().strip().splitlines():
            line = lines.split()
            if lines in final_list:
                continue
            if findwholeword(line[0], 1, 'Arabic', lines) != (None or 
[]):
                no_list.append(line[0])
                final_list.append(lines)
            elif findwholeword(line[0], 1, 'English', lines) != (None 
or []):
                if line[0] in no_list:
                    continue
                elif line[0] not in no_list:
                    final_list.append(lines)
                    no_list.append(line[0])
                else:
                    print("Issue at 'NO' statement")
            elif findwholeword(line[0], 1, 'French', lines) != (None 
or []):
                if line[0] in no_list:
                    continue
                elif line[0] not in no_list:
                    final_list.append(lines)
                    no_list.append(line[0])
                else:
                   print("Issue at 'Error' statement.")
           else:
                print('Something went wrong!')


def findwholeword(w1, w2, w3, target):
    return re.compile(r'\b{0}(?:\W+\w+){{0,{1}}}\W+{2}\b'.format(w1, 
w2, w3), flags=re.IGNORECASE).search(target)

clean_up()

Answer 1

您可以使用defaultdict创建和语言到名称的映射，然后使用集合跳过已输出的名称：

from collections import defaultdict

languages = defaultdict(list)

with open('students.txt') as f_in:
    for student in f_in:
        name, lang = student.rstrip('\n,').split()
        languages[lang].append(name)

seen = set()
for lang in ['Arabic', 'English', 'French']:
    for name in languages[lang]:
        if name not in seen:
            print(name, lang)
            seen.add(name)

输出：

John Arabic
Jane Arabic
Pat English
Ron English
Sarah French

Answer 2

这应该起作用：

import re
f=open('students.txt',"r")
arabic_list=[]
english_list=[]
french_list=[]
for i in f.readlines():
    i=re.sub('\n','',i)
    if 'Arabic' in i:
        arabic_list.append(i)
    elif 'English' in i:
        english_list.append(i)
    else:
        french_list.append(i)

lang_dict={'arabic':arabic_list,'english':english_list,'french':french_list}
for lang in lang_dict:
    for students in lang_dict[lang]:
        print(students)

Answer 3

不是最优的，但可能是这样的：

with open("students.txt","r") as rawdata:
    raw_list = rawdata.readlines()

new_dict = {}

for i in raw_list:
    name, language  = i.split(" ")
    if name in new_dict.keys():
        new_dict[name] += [language[:-2]]
    else:
        new_dict[name] = [language[:-2]]

language_order_list=["Arabic","English","French"]

for language in language_order_list:
    for name in new_dict.keys():
        if language in new_dict[name]:
            print(f"{name} {language}")
            new_dict[name] = []