如何将list1的元素分配给list2中的元素，并将其替换为list2的te分配元素？

Question

我有两份清单如下：

List1 = ["Steel", "ReinfSteel", "Concrete", "Wood", "Aluminium"]

List2 = ["CONCDC", "CONCR", "SOLROC", "REINFO", "STEEDC", "MCSTEL", "COMPOS", "INTERF", "MASSEL", "SPRING", "FLUSTR", "COMSRF"]

我想将List1中的数据与List2中的数据进行匹配，如下所示：

1. 钢=MCSTEL
2. ReinfSteel=REINFO&；等等

我必须用python编写一段代码，如下所述： 如果List1由STEEL组成，则将其替换为List2中的MCSTEL，并在新变量中返回新替换的（即MCSTEL）

我是Python的新手，还在学习，所以如果这个问题太基本，请原谅

所以我尝试将JSON文件中的数据从一个软件导入到另一个软件的Python脚本中。数据相似，但语法不同，因此我必须将数据从JSON代码映射到Python。我已经使用了下面的代码来尝试对单个材料执行此操作，但我需要一个有助于涵盖清单2中给出的所有材料的代码：

KMaterial = []
for materialfamily in data['Model']['elems']:
    KMaterial.append( materialfamily['grass_element_']['crosec_']['material_' ['family_'] )
print(KMaterial)
DMaterial  = ["CONCDC", "CONCR", "SOLROC", "REINFO", "STEEDC", "MCSTEL", "COMPOS", "INTERF", "MASSEL", "SPRING", "FLUSTR", "COMSRF"]
d = {"Steel": "MCSTEL", "ReinfSteel": "REINFO", "Concrete": ""}
new_list = [d[i] if i in d else i for i in KMaterial]
print(new_list)

提前谢谢

Answer 1

因为您是Python新手，所以我不想把答案复杂化

为了让您开始了解一些基本知识，这里有一种方法来了解解决方案

您可以使用if语句检查所需的每个值。然后用新值替换该值

#you want to iterate through list1 and for each value in list1,
#you want to check if it meets your criteria
#since you need the index and value, use enumerate
for i,val in enumerate(list1):
    #if value is 'steel' you want to replace with 'MCSTEL'
    if list1[i].lower() == 'steel':
        list1[i] = 'MCSTEL'

print (list1)

如果要替换多个项，则可以有多个If语句

#you want to iterate through list1 and for each value in list1,
#you want to check if it meets your criteria
#since you need the index and value, use enumerate

for i,val in enumerate(list1):
    #if value is 'Steel' you want to replace with 'MCSTEL'
    if val.lower() == 'steel':
        list1[i] = 'MCSTEL'

    #if value is 'ReinfSteel' you want to replace with 'REINFO'
    if val.lower() == 'reinfsteel':
        list1[i] = 'REINFO'

如果您熟悉字典，您可以使用字典来遍历列表

首先，您需要定义字典。然后遍历列表，用dictionary中的值替换与dictionary中的键匹配的每个元素

#define your dictionary with key value pairs
#key is the value you want to search in list1
#value is the new value you want to store
d = {'steel':'MCSTEL','reinfsteel':'REINFO'}

#you want to iterate through list1 and for each value in list1,
#you want to check if it meets your criteria
#since you need the index and value, use enumerate

for i,val in enumerate(list1):
    #check against the keys in the dictionary
    if val.lower() in d.keys():
        list1[i] = d[val.lower()]

如果您理解python中的列表理解，那么您可以在一条语句中编写上述循环，如下所示：

list2 = [d[x.lower()] if x.lower() in d.keys() else x for x in list1]

以下任一代码将替换：

['Steel', 'ReinfSteel', 'Concrete', 'Wood', 'Aluminium']

到

['MCSTEL', 'REINFO', 'Concrete', 'Wood', 'Aluminium']

Answer 2

您可以为要交换的内容创建dict个键、值对，然后使用列表理解创建新列表。下面是一个只有钢的例子

d = {"Steel": "MCSTEL"}
new_list = [d[i] if i in d else i for i in List1]

如果您想包含其他内容，例如“Concrete”和“CONCR”，您可以在字典中包含键、值对"Concrete": "CONCR"