检查关键字是否存在于字符串中的任何容量中

Question

urgency = ["asap", "now", "quickly"]
test = 'the patientneeds help/asap'

if any(elem in test.split() for elem in urgency):
    print('Element Found')

当我运行此命令时，我希望能找到关键字“asap”，但不幸的是，这似乎只能进行精确匹配

Answer 1

删除split()。但是in在know中now将变成True

urgency = ["asap", "now", "quickly"]
test = 'the patientneeds help/asap'

if any(elem in test for elem in urgency):
    print('Element Found')

Answer 2

如果您想要特定的单词，并且想要避免像snowfall和know这样的触发器，例如，您可以尝试以下方法：

import re

urgency = ["asap", "now", "quickly"]
test = 'the patientneeds help/asap'

words = set(re.split(r"\W+", test))

if any(elem in words for elem in urgency):
    print('Element Found')

对于拆分“patientneeds”（没有字符分隔符连接的单词），似乎没有任何简单的解决方案，但这实际上为您提供了一个非常强大的机制

Answer 3

您应该使用正则表达式，并在每个搜索单词的开头和结尾添加一个单词边界\b的条件：

import re


def is_urgent(sentence):
    urgency = ["asap", "now", "quickly"]
    return any(re.search(r'\b' + urgent_word + r'\b', sentence) for urgent_word in urgency)

tests = ['the patient needs help/asap', 'he needs help asap', 'wait until snowfall']

for test in tests:
    if is_urgent(test):
        print('URGENT:', test)
    else:
        print('Not urgent:', test)
        

输出：

URGENT: the patient needs help/asap
URGENT: he needs help asap
Not urgent: wait until snowfall