如何在Django中转换来自JSon文件的静态数据？

Question

我有一个json文件，其中有一长串地理位置

[
    {
        "id": 1,
        "name": "Afghanistan",
        "iso3": "AFG",
        "iso2": "AF",
        "phone_code": "93",
        "capital": "Kabul",
        "currency": "AFN",
        "currency_symbol": "؋",
        "tld": ".af",
        "native": "افغانستان",
        "region": "Asia",
        "subregion": "Southern Asia",
        "timezones": [
            {
                "zoneName": "Asia\/Kabul",
                "gmtOffset": 16200,
                "gmtOffsetName": "UTC+04:30",
                "abbreviation": "AFT",
                "tzName": "Afghanistan Time"
            }
        ],

        "latitude": "33.00000000",
        "longitude": "65.00000000",
        "emoji": "🇦🇫",
        "emojiU": "U+1F1E6 U+1F1EB",
        "states": [
            {
                "id": 3901,
                "name": "Badakhshan",
                "state_code": "BDS",
                "cities": [
                    {
                        "id": 52,
                        "name": "Ashkāsham",
                        "latitude": "36.68333000",
                        "longitude": "71.53333000"
                    },
        .......
        /* very long list */

当需要国家/州/城市下拉列表时，此文件以Django格式加载

问题是我想至少把国家名称翻译成其他语言

即使允许我在JSon文件中使用{%trans“Country_name”%}，这也不太实际。有没有更快的方法？例如，在forms.py中进行此操作不起作用：

from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
# ...

def get_country():
    filepath = 'myproj/static/data/countries_states_cities.json'
    all_data = readJson(filepath)

    all_countries = [('----', _("--- Select a Country ---"))]

    for x in all_data:
        y = (x['name'], _(x['name']))
        all_countries.append(y)

    return all_countries

“---选择一个国家----”将被翻译，但x['name']不会，因为看起来

django-admin makemessages -l fr

不执行循环，也不查找数组

简言之，如果我必须翻译来自数据库的数据，我会遇到同样的问题

对于数据库django_，modeltranslation将是一个解决方案。但是我如何翻译来自json文件的数据而不必手动编辑json文件呢？wihch非常繁琐而且容易出错

Answer 1

您可以customize the ^{} command来预处理.json文件

# mysite/myapp/management/commands/makemessages.py

import os
import subprocess

from django.core.management.commands import makemessages


def templatize(path):
    return subprocess.check_output(["sed", "-E", f's/"name": "(.*)"/"name": _("\\1")/g', path]).decode()


class BuildFile(makemessages.BuildFile):

    def preprocess(self):
        if not self.is_templatized:
            return

        file_ext = os.path.splitext(self.translatable.file)[1]
        if file_ext == '.json':
            content = templatize(self.path)
            with open(self.work_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as fp:
                fp.write(content)
            return

        super().preprocess()


class Command(makemessages.Command):
    build_file_class = BuildFile

用法：

python manage.py makemessages -l fr -e html,txt,py,json