如何修复JSONDECODE错误？

Question

我正在使用Python编写CRUD操作（特别是创建和读取）。我正在编写一个测试脚本来创建和读取字典，以便稍后在mongoDB shell中使用，并且遇到了一个JSONDecodeError

我是python和JSON新手，以前从未遇到过这个错误。如何修复此错误？还有，有什么方法可以改进我正在编写的代码吗

谢谢大家!

以下是我的测试脚本：

from pymongo import MongoClient
from bson.objectid import ObjectId
import CRUD
from CRUD import AnimalShelter
import random
import string
import json

shelter = AnimalShelter()

animal_id = 'A'.join(random.choices(string.ascii_uppercase + string.digits, k=6))

print('animal_id %s being created' % animal_id)

outcome = json.loads(
    '{"": 78258, "age_upon_outcome": "1.6 years", "animal_id": "" + animal_id + "", "animal_type": "Dog", "breed": "Wolf Sheperd Mix", "color": "Grey", "date_of_birth": "2013-02-09", "datetime": "2014-04-11 13:26:00", "month_year": "2014-04-11T13:26:00", "name": "*JakeMo", "outcome_subtype": "Partner", "outcome_type": "Transfer", "sex_upon_outcome": "Intact Male", "Location_lat": "30.707721081886, "location:long": "-97.2735696278757", "age_upon_outcome_in_weeks": 110.0799603174603}')

#print(outcome)

if shelter.create(outcome):
  print("animal added")

animal = shelter.read({"animal_id":animal_id})
print(animal)

下面是我得到的错误：

Answer 1

问题在于这些线路：

outcome = json.loads(
    '{"": 78258, "age_upon_outcome": "1.6 years", "animal_id": "" + animal_id + "", "animal_type": "Dog", "breed": "Wolf Sheperd Mix", "color": "Grey", "date_of_birth": "2013-02-09", "datetime": "2014-04-11 13:26:00", "month_year": "2014-04-11T13:26:00", "name": "*JakeMo", "outcome_subtype": "Partner", "outcome_type": "Transfer", "sex_upon_outcome": "Intact Male", "Location_lat": "30.707721081886, "location:long": "-97.2735696278757", "age_upon_outcome_in_weeks": 110.0799603174603}')

您在这里所做的是创建一个字符串，然后使用json.loads将其解析为dict。当您可以直接创建dict时，这样做没有任何意义：

outcome = {
    "": 78258,
    "age_upon_outcome": "1.6 years",
    "animal_id": animal_id,
    "animal_type": "Dog",
    "breed": "Wolf Sheperd Mix",
    "color": "Grey",
    "date_of_birth": "2013-02-09",
    "datetime": "2014-04-11 13:26:00",
    "month_year": "2014-04-11T13:26:00",
    "name": "*JakeMo",
    "outcome_subtype": "Partner",
    "outcome_type": "Transfer",
    "sex_upon_outcome": "Intact Male",
    "Location_lat": "30.707721081886",
    "location:long": "-97.2735696278757",
    "age_upon_outcome_in_weeks": 110.0799603174603
}

理论上，您可以通过（a）更改animal_id周围的引号（注意下面和我的答案顶部代码段中突出显示animal_id变量的差异）和（b）修复Location_lat属性值后缺少的双引号，从而使JSON解析工作正常。但正如我已经解释的那样，这不是最好的做法

outcome = json.loads(
    '{"": 78258, "age_upon_outcome": "1.6 years", "animal_id": "' + animal_id + '", "animal_type": "Dog", "breed": "Wolf Sheperd Mix", "color": "Grey", "date_of_birth": "2013-02-09", "datetime": "2014-04-11 13:26:00", "month_year": "2014-04-11T13:26:00", "name": "*JakeMo", "outcome_subtype": "Partner", "outcome_type": "Transfer", "sex_upon_outcome": "Intact Male", "Location_lat": "30.707721081886", "location:long": "-97.2735696278757", "age_upon_outcome_in_weeks": 110.0799603174603}')