Matplotlib样式。在MacOS中使用（'tex'）错误

Question

首先，我对与其他问题的相似性表示歉意，但我认为这与我之前发现的所有问题/答案是不同的。如果您认为我错了，请让我参考其他问题，但也请阅读完整的问题，以检查我尚未尝试其他问题中提供的解决方案

我使用Conda和matplotlib进行了一个工作设置，以进行数据处理，并使用latex格式的标题等绘制图形，由于一些遗留问题，我进行了完全干净的安装。尝试从以前重新创建我的环境会产生此错误，不确定重新启动前我运行的Catalina的确切版本，但我现在运行的Big-Sur版本是11.2.1

重现问题所需的代码（在miniconda环境中运行，最后是完整的程序包列表）：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.style.use('tex')

我已确认以下事项：

• tex和latex均已安装且正常工作，均通过“which”找到，均已运行，版本信息：
  • tex:3.14159265版（tex Live 2020）
  • 乳胶：pdfTeX，版本3.14159265-2.6-1.40.21（TeX Live 2020）
• dvipng已安装并运行（1.17版）
• Ghostscript已安装并运行（V9.50）
• 以上内容都存在于PATH以及os.environ['PATH']中：
  • 乳胶、tex、dvipng位于/Library/tex/texbin/
  • gs位于/usr/local/bin中

完整错误输出：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/style/core.py", line 121, in use
    rc = rc_params_from_file(style, use_default_template=False)
  File "/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/__init__.py", line 883, in rc_params_from_file
    config_from_file = _rc_params_in_file(fname, fail_on_error=fail_on_error)
  File "/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/__init__.py", line 812, in _rc_params_in_file
    with _open_file_or_url(fname) as fd:
  File "/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/lib/python3.8/contextlib.py", line 113, in __enter__
    return next(self.gen)
  File "/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/__init__.py", line 790, in _open_file_or_url
    with open(fname, encoding=encoding) as f:
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'tex'

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/style/core.py", line 124, in use
    raise IOError(
OSError: 'tex' not found in the style library and input is not a valid URL or path; see `style.available` for list of available styles

我的问题是：

• 如何获得以下输出序列：
  • os.environ['PATH']和sys.PATH都显示'/Library/TeX/texbin'
  • isfile（'/Library/TeX/texbin/TeX'）->；真的
  • os.path.isfile（'tex'）->；假的
• 为什么Matplotlib试图打开tex可执行文件，就好像它是一个（utf-8）文本文件一样
• 我还应该尝试/验证什么

提前谢谢

完整康达列表输出：

# Name                    Version                   Build  Channel
blas                      1.0                         mkl
ca-certificates           2020.12.5            h033912b_0    conda-forge
cairo                     1.16.0            h0ab9d94_1001    conda-forge
certifi                   2020.12.5        py38h50d1736_1    conda-forge
curl                      7.71.1               hb0a8c7a_1
cycler                    0.10.0                   py38_0
fontconfig                2.13.1            hd23ceaa_1004    conda-forge
freetype                  2.10.4               ha233b18_0
gettext                   0.19.8.1          h7937167_1005    conda-forge
glib                      2.67.4               hdf23fa2_1
gmp                       6.1.2             h0a44026_1000    conda-forge
graphite2                 1.3.13            h12caacf_1001    conda-forge
harfbuzz                  1.8.8                hb8d4a28_0
icu                       58.2              h0a44026_1000    conda-forge
intel-openmp              2019.4                      233
jpeg                      9b                   he5867d9_2
kiwisolver                1.3.1            py38h23ab428_0
krb5                      1.18.2               h75d18d8_0
lcms2                     2.11                 h92f6f08_0
libcurl                   7.71.1               h8a08a2b_1
libcxx                    10.0.0                        1
libedit                   3.1.20191231         h1de35cc_1
libffi                    3.3                  hb1e8313_2
libgfortran               3.0.1                h93005f0_2
libiconv                  1.16                 haf1e3a3_0    conda-forge
libpng                    1.6.37               ha441bb4_0
libssh2                   1.9.0                h52ee1ee_6    conda-forge
libtiff                   4.1.0                hcb84e12_1
libxml2                   2.9.10               h7cdb67c_3
lz4-c                     1.9.3                h23ab428_0
matplotlib                3.3.4            py38hecd8cb5_0
matplotlib-base           3.3.4            py38h8b3ea08_0
mkl                       2019.4                      233
mkl-service               2.3.0            py38h9ed2024_0
mkl_fft                   1.3.0            py38ha059aab_0
mkl_random                1.1.1            py38h959d312_0
mpfr                      4.0.2                h44b798e_0    conda-forge
ncurses                   6.2                  h0a44026_1
numpy                     1.19.2           py38h456fd55_0
numpy-base                1.19.2           py38hcfb5961_0
olefile                   0.46                       py_0
openjpeg                  2.3.1                h254dc36_3    conda-forge
openssl                   1.1.1j               hbcf498f_0    conda-forge
ordered-set               4.0.2                    pypi_0    pypi
pandas                    1.2.3            py38hb2f4e1b_0
pcre                      8.44                 h4a8c4bd_0    conda-forge
pillow                    8.1.2            py38h5270095_0
pip                       21.0.1           py38hecd8cb5_0
pixman                    0.38.0            h01d97ff_1003    conda-forge
poppler                   0.81.0               h2ef9dbd_1
poppler-data              0.4.10                        0    conda-forge
pyparsing                 2.4.7              pyhd3eb1b0_0
python                    3.8.8                h88f2d9e_4
python-dateutil           2.8.1              pyhd3eb1b0_0
python_abi                3.8                      1_cp38    conda-forge
pytz                      2021.1             pyhd3eb1b0_0
readline                  8.1                  h9ed2024_0
scipy                     1.6.1            py38h2515648_0
seaborn                   0.11.1             pyhd3eb1b0_0
setuptools                52.0.0           py38hecd8cb5_0
six                       1.15.0           py38hecd8cb5_0
sqlite                    3.33.0               hffcf06c_0
texlive-core              20180414             ha09c46f_0
tk                        8.6.10               hb0a8c7a_0
tornado                   6.1              py38h9ed2024_0
wheel                     0.36.2             pyhd3eb1b0_0
xz                        5.2.5                h1de35cc_0
zlib                      1.2.11               h1de35cc_3
zstd                      1.4.5                h41d2c2f_0

更新：

试用

plt.rcParams.update({
    "text.usetex": True})

生成简单的绘图时，会出现以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/texmanager.py", line 275, in _run_checked_subprocess
    report = subprocess.check_output(command,
  File "/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 415, in check_output
    return run(*popenargs, stdout=PIPE, timeout=timeout, check=True,
  File "/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 516, in run
    raise CalledProcessError(retcode, process.args,
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['latex', '-interaction=nonstopmode', '--halt-on-error', '/Users/will_gerrard/.matplotlib/tex.cache/d2acc2706db635f7f7afe7dc80ac47f1.tex']' returned non-zero exit status 1.

以下是latex生成的完整报告：

warning: kpathsea: configuration file texmf.cnf not found in these directories: /Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin/share/texmf-local/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin/share/texmf-dist/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin/share/texmf/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin/texmf-local/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin/texmf-dist/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin/texmf/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/share/texmf-local/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/share/texmf-dist/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/share/texmf/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/texmf-local/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/texmf-dist/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/texmf/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/texmf-local/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/share/texmf-local/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/share/texmf-dist/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/share/texmf/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/texmf-local/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/texmf-dist/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/texmf/web2c.
This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.19 (TeX Live 2018) (preloaded format=latex)

kpathsea: Running mktexfmt latex.fmt
warning: kpathsea: configuration file texmf.cnf not found in these directories: /Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin/share/texmf-local/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin/share/texmf-dist/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin/share/texmf/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin/texmf-local/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin/texmf-dist/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin/texmf/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/share/texmf-local/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/share/texmf-dist/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/share/texmf/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/texmf-local/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/texmf-dist/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/texmf/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/texmf-local/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/share/texmf-local/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/share/texmf-dist/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/share/texmf/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/texmf-local/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/texmf-dist/web2c:/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/texmf/web2c.
/Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin/mktexfmt: kpsewhich -var-value=TEXMFROOT failed, aborting early.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /Users/will_gerrard/opt/miniconda3/envs/plotting/bin/mktexfmt line 25.
I can't find the format file `latex.fmt'!