我犯了一个错误，五分钟后无法读取股票

Question

当我运行这个程序并等待五分钟时，我得到了下面的错误，但是我对这里发生的事情有点不熟悉。有人知道有什么方法可以修复上述错误以使程序成功运行吗？我有什么特别的地方做错了吗？我真的很感谢你的帮助

代码：

    import twstock
    import time
    import requests
    
    def LINE_Notify(token,msg):
        headers = {
            'Authorization': 'Bearer '+token,
            'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
        }
        payload = {'message':msg}
        notify = requests.post('https://notify-api.line.me/api/notify',headers=headers,params=payload)
        return notify.status_code
    
    def sendline(mode,realprice,counterLine,token):
        print('Current Stock price: ' + str(realprice))
        if mode == 1:
            message = 'The current stock price is ' + str(realprice) + '. You can sell out now'
    
        else:
            message = 'The current stock price is ' + str(realprice) + '. You can buy in now'
        code = LINE_Notify(token,message)
        if code == 200:
            counterLine += 1
            print('The message is sent '+ str(counterLine)+' times')
        else:
            print('Failed to send!')
        return counterLine
    
    
    
    token ='###'
    counterLine = 0
    counterError = 0
    
    print('The program starts now')
    while True:
        realdata = twstock.realtime.get('2317')
        if realdata['success']:
            realprice = realdata['realtime']['latest_trade_price']
            if float(realprice) >= 80:
                counterLine = sendline(1,realprice,counterLine,token)
            elif float(realprice) <= 60:
                counterLine = sendline(2,realprice,counterLine,token)
            if counterLine >= 3:
                print('Program ends')
                break
        else:
            print('Stock number 2317 data cannot be read: '+ realdata['rtmessage'])
            counterError += 1
            if counterError >= 3:
                print('Program ends')
                break
        for i in range(300):
            time.sleep(1)

错误：

      Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\urllib3\contrib\pyopenssl.py", line 488, in wrap_socket
        cnx.do_handshake()
      File "C:\Python38\lib\site-packages\OpenSSL\SSL.py", line 1934, in do_handshake
        self._raise_ssl_error(self._ssl, result)
      File "C:\Python38\lib\site-packages\OpenSSL\SSL.py", line 1671, in _raise_ssl_error
        _raise_current_error()
      File "C:\Python38\lib\site-packages\OpenSSL\_util.py", line 54, in exception_from_error_queue
        raise exception_type(errors)
    OpenSSL.SSL.Error: [('SSL routines', 'tls_process_server_certificate', 'certificate verify failed')]
    
    During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
    
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 670, in urlopen
        httplib_response = self._make_request(
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 381, in _make_request
        self._validate_conn(conn)
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 976, in _validate_conn
        conn.connect()
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 361, in connect
        self.sock = ssl_wrap_socket(
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\urllib3\util\ssl_.py", line 377, in ssl_wrap_socket
        return context.wrap_socket(sock, server_hostname=server_hostname)
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\urllib3\contrib\pyopenssl.py", line 494, in wrap_socket
        raise ssl.SSLError("bad handshake: %r" % e)
    ssl.SSLError: ("bad handshake: Error([('SSL routines', 'tls_process_server_certificate', 'certificate verify failed')])",)
    
    During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
    
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 439, in send
        resp = conn.urlopen(
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 724, in urlopen
        retries = retries.increment(
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\urllib3\util\retry.py", line 439, in increment
        raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, error or ResponseError(cause))
    urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='mis.twse.com.tw', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /stock/index.jsp (Caused by SSLError(SSLError("bad handshake: Error([('SSL routines', 'tls_process_server_certificate', 'certificate verify failed')])")))
    
    During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
    
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "E:/Python/Python Data Science/Ch11 LINE/linestock.py", line 37, in <module>
        realdata = twstock.realtime.get('2317')
      File "C:\Python38\lib\site-packages\twstock\realtime.py", line 92, in get
        data = get_raw(stocks) if not mock else twstock.mock.get(stocks)
      File "C:\Python38\lib\site-packages\twstock\realtime.py", line 71, in get_raw
        req.get(SESSION_URL, proxies=get_proxies())
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 543, in get
        return self.request('GET', url, **kwargs)
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 530, in request
        resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 665, in send
        history = [resp for resp in gen] if allow_redirects else []
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 665, in <listcomp>
        history = [resp for resp in gen] if allow_redirects else []
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 237, in resolve_redirects
        resp = self.send(
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 643, in send
        r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
      File "C:\Users\Dominic\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python38\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 514, in send
        raise SSLError(e, request=request)
    requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='mis.twse.com.tw', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /stock/index.jsp (Caused by SSLError(SSLError("bad handshake: Error([('SSL routines', 'tls_process_server_certificate', 'certificate verify failed')])")))

Answer 1

twstock.realtime.get('2317')每次有最大请求数。您向站点发送的请求太多。请参阅最后一个错误：“超过最大重试次数”。尝试增加睡眠时间，或者查看“twstock”文档或网站（mis.twse.com.tw）API是否有关于睡眠的信息

而且，你不需要在睡觉时使用循环。您可以改为：time.sleep(300)