如何在CSV文件中添加使用正则表达式找到的信息

Question

我正在尝试将新信息“附加”到CSV文件中。问题在于，该信息不在数据帧结构中，而是使用正则表达式从文本中提取的信息。示例文本将是下一个：

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Etiam id diam posuere, eleifend diam at, condimentum justo. Pellentesque mollis a diam id consequat.

TITLE-SDFSD-DFDS-SFDS-01-01: This is the title 1 that

is split into two lines with a blank line in the middle

Conditions Pellentesque blandit scelerisque pellentesque. Sed nec quam purus. Quisque nec tellus sed neque accumsan lacinia sit amet sit amet tellus. Etiam venenatis nibh vel pellentesque elementum. Nullam eget tortor quam. Morbi sed leo et arcu aliquet luctus.

Opening date 15 Apr 2021

Deadline 26 Aug 2021

Indicative budget: The total indicative budget for the topic is EUR 20.00 million.

TITLE-SDFSD-DFDS-SFDS-01-02; This is the title2 in one single line

Conditions Cras egestas consectetur sapien at dignissim. Maecenas commodo purus nibh, a tempus augue vestibulum feugiat. Vestibulum dolor neque, sagittis ut tortor et, lobortis faucibus quam.

Opening date 15 March 2021

Deadline 17 Aug 2021

Indicative budget: The total indicative budget for the topic is EUR 15.00 million.

TITLE-SDFSD-DFDS-SFDS-01-03: This is the title3 that is too long and takes two lines

Conditions Cras egestas consectetur sapien at dignissim. Maecenas commodo purus nibh, a tempus augue vestibulum feugiat. Vestibulum dolor neque, sagittis ut tortor et, lobortis faucibus quam.

Opening date 15 May 2021

Deadline 26 Sep 2021

Indicative budget: The total indicative budget for the topic is EUR 5.00 million.

要提取所有信息，我必须进行多次交互以提取我需要的信息。我知道我可以将一次迭代细分为几个组，但很难找到一个正则表达式。相反，我使用了其中几个：

import re
import csv
    
with open('doubt2.txt','r', encoding="utf-8") as f:
    f_contents = f.read()

regexHOR =r'\n(TITLE-\S+-\d{2}-\d{2})[:|;](.*?)^Conditions'
regexOD = r'^Opening date\s+(\d{1,2} \w+ \d{4})\s*?'
regexDL =r'^Deadline\s+(\d+ \w+ \d+)'

patternHOR = re.compile(regexHOR, re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL)
patternOD = re.compile(regexOD, re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL)
patternDL = re.compile(regexDL, re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL)

matchesHOR = patternHOR.finditer(f_contents)
matchesOD = patternOD.finditer(f_contents)
matchesDL = patternDL.finditer(f_contents)

marchesHOR查找两个组，而其他匹配项仅为一个组。一旦匹配完成，我必须将其导出到CSV文件中，执行下一个代码：

with open("result.csv", "w",newline='') as outfile:
    csvfile = csv.writer(outfile)
    csvfile.writerow(['Topic ID', 'Title', 'Opening date', 'Deadline'])
    for match in matchesHOR:
        csvfile.writerow([match.group(1), match.group(2).replace('\n', ' '),'',''])
    for match in matchesOD:
        csvfile.writerow(['','',match.group(1),''])
    for match in matchesDL:
        csvfile.writerow(['','','',match.group(1)])

问题是，当我在matchesHOR之后编写新的nows时，它将我放在下面，正如您在下表中看到的：

^{tb1}$

欢迎对执行四个交互以确定几个组的任何附加评论

Answer 1

您需要重新安排一些内容，以便同时为一行写入所有项目。这里的方法是使用match_hor查找每个标题开头，然后将其用作match_od的起点，而match_dl又用作match_dl的起点

import re
import csv
    
with open('doubt2.txt','r', encoding="utf-8") as f:
    f_contents = f.read()

regexHOR = r'\n(TITLE-\S+-\d{2}-\d{2})[:|;](.*?)^Conditions'
regexOD = r'^Opening date\s+(\d{1,2} \w+ \d{4})\s*?'
regexDL =r'^Deadline\s+(\d+ \w+ \d+)'

patternHOR = re.compile(regexHOR, re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL)
patternOD = re.compile(regexOD, re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL)
patternDL = re.compile(regexDL, re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL)

with open("result.csv", "w",newline='') as outfile:
    csvfile = csv.writer(outfile)
    csvfile.writerow(['Topic ID', 'Title', 'Opening date', 'Deadline'])
    
    for match_hor in patternHOR.finditer(f_contents):
        code, title = [match_hor.group(1), match_hor.group(2).replace('\n', ' ')]
        offset = match_hor.end()
        
        match_od = patternOD.search(f_contents[offset:])
        offset += match_od.end()
        opening = match_od.group(1)
        
        match_dl = patternDL.search(f_contents[offset:]) 
        offset += match_dl.end()
        deadline = match_dl.group(1)
        
        csvfile.writerow([code, title.strip(), opening, deadline])

这将为您提供包含以下内容的result.csv：

Topic ID,Title,Opening date,Deadline
TITLE-SDFSD-DFDS-SFDS-01-01,This is the title 1 that  is split into two lines with a blank line in the middle,15 Apr 2021,26 Aug 2021
TITLE-SDFSD-DFDS-SFDS-01-02,This is the title2 in one single line,15 March 2021,17 Aug 2021
TITLE-SDFSD-DFDS-SFDS-01-03,This is the title3 that is too long and takes two lines,15 May 2021,26 Sep 2021

Answer 2

我建议您使用positive lookahead, lookbehind and namedgroup编写以下代码：

>>> regexHOR = r'(?P<TopicID>TITLE-\S+-\d{2}-\d{2})[:;]\s*(?P<Title>[\w\s]+(?=Conditions))'
>>>
>>> regexOD = r'(?P<OpeningDate>(?<=Opening date )\d{1,2} \w+ \d{4})'
>>>
>>> regexDL = r'(?P<DeadLine>(?<=Deadline )\d+ \w+ \d+)'
>>>
>>>regex_pattern = re.compile('.*?'.join([regexHOR, regexOD, regexDL]), re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL)
>>>
>>> for match in re.finditer(regex_pattern, f_contents):
        csvfile.writerow([match.group('TopicID'), match.group('Title'), \
        match.group('OpeningDate'), match.group('DeadLine')])

每次调用csvfile.writerow，都会写入一个新行，这就是为什么没有将每个循环迭代的所有项都写入同一行的原因