KeyError:使用ModelSerializer的DRF中的“请求”

Question

序列化程序.py

from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import Flight, Segment, Airport


class DynamicFieldsModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    """
    A ModelSerializer that takes an additional `fields` argument that
    controls which fields should be displayed.
    """

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # Instantiate the superclass normally
        super(DynamicFieldsModelSerializer, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        fields = self.context['request'].query_params.get('fields')
        if fields:
            fields = fields.split(',')
            # Drop any fields that are not specified in the `fields` argument.
            allowed = set(fields)
            existing = set(self.fields.keys())
            for field_name in existing - allowed:
                self.fields.pop(field_name)


class SegmentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Segment
        fields = (  # TODO - Could be __all__ if no fine tuning
            'id', 'flight_id', 'dep_code', ...
        )


class FlightSerializer(DynamicFieldsModelSerializer, serializers.ModelSerializer):
    segments = SegmentSerializer(many=True, source='segment_set')

    class Meta:
        model = Flight
        fields = (  # TODO - Could be __all__ if no fine tuning
            'id', 'dep_air', 'dest_air', ...
        )


class AirportSerializer(DynamicFieldsModelSerializer, serializers.ModelSerializer):
    dep_air = FlightSerializer(many=False, source='dep_air_airport')

    class Meta:
        model = Airport
        fields = ('iata_code', 'name', 'continent', 'iso_country',)

启动服务器时出现以下错误：

  File "/Users/me/PycharmProjects/fly_baby/flight_data/serializers.py", line 55, in AirportSerializer
    dep_air = FlightSerializer(many=False, source='dep_air_airport')
  File "/Users/me/PycharmProjects/fly_baby/flight_data/serializers.py", line 15, in __init__
    fields = self.context['request'].query_params.get('fields')
KeyError: 'request'

我们的目标是让航班嵌套在机场下，或者反之亦然，但当我使用DynamicFieldsModelSerializer mixin时，这似乎是不可能的。init请求self.context['request']，该上下文对于以下行不存在

dep_air = FlightSerializer(many=False, source='dep_air_airport')

我相信我是想通过某种方式传递上下文，但我不知道这是怎么可能的，因为我的泛型设置很重

额外代码：：

views.py

class AirportFlightViewSet(viewsets.ReadOnlyModelViewSet):
    serializer_class = FlightSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        return Flight.objects.filter(flight=self.kwargs['airport_pk'])

url.py

router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'flights', views.FlightViewSet)
router.register(r'segments', views.SegmentViewSet)
router.register(r'airports', views.AirportViewSet)

flights_router = routers.NestedSimpleRouter(router, r'flights', lookup='flight')
flights_router.register(r'segments', views.FlightSegmentViewSet, basename='flight-segments')

airports_router = routers.NestedSimpleRouter(router, r'airports', lookup='airport')
airports_router.register(r'flights', views.AirportFlightViewSet, basename='airport-flights')

urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.index),
    path('api/', include(router.urls)),
    path('api/', include(flights_router.urls)),
    path('api/', include(airports_router.urls)),
]

Answer 1

您可以编辑DynamicFieldsModelSerializer使其不依赖于当前的上下文，这样就可以使用.get()在没有上下文的情况下构造它：

class DynamicFieldsModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    """
    A ModelSerializer that takes an additional `fields` argument that
    controls which fields should be displayed.
    """

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # Instantiate the superclass normally
        super(DynamicFieldsModelSerializer, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        request = self.context.get('request')

        if request:
            fields = request.query_params.get('fields')
            if fields:
                ...  # code as before

但是，请注意，当这样使用子序列化程序时（在本例中为FlightSerializer），将始终应用所有字段。但是，这是有道理的，因为在请求机场时，您希望fields参数会影响机场的字段，而不是航班的字段