在列表理解/生成器表达式中，`x in y`的对立面是什么？

Question

我举了一个这样的例子：

identified_characters = ["a","c","f","h","l","o"]
word = "alcachofa#"
if any(character in word for character not in identified_characters):
    print("there are unidentified characters inside the word")
else:
    print("there aren't unidentified characters inside the word")

但是not带来了语法错误，所以我想如果有一个out（我猜是in的相反）函数，理论上你可以更改not in并保留语法

我还认为给定结果的逻辑应该是any函数的对立面，但我向上看时发现，ppl的对立面应该是not all，在这种情况下，在这里不起作用

Answer 1

您不能循环使用不在identified_characters中的所有可能项目；莫名其妙地有很多。这在概念上甚至没有意义

要实现您想要的（检查word中是否有未识别的字符（不在identified_characters中的字符），您必须循环word，而不是identified_characters的补码

identified_characters = {"a", "c", "f", "h", "l", "o"}

word = "alcachofa#"
if any(character not in identified_characters for character in word):
    print("there are unidentified characters inside the word")
else:
    print("there aren't unidentified characters inside the word")

Answer 2

不要在for语句中使用not，而是在character in word部分使用它

identified_characters=["a","c","f","h","l","o"]
word="alcachofa#"
if any(character not in identified_characters for character in word):
    print("there are unidentified characters inside the word")
else:
    print("there aren't unidentified characters inside the word")

For循环可以使用in，但不能使用not in，因为它们不知道not in的意思！For循环用于遍历列表或任何iterable，不能遍历iterable中不存在的内容，因为它们不知道什么不在iterable中。您还可以通过以下方式使用not all：