如何导入Python中具有多个键的JSON文件？

Question

例如： 我有一个程序，可以在JSON文件中生成这样的使用日志。JSON文件日志包含许多相同的键，称为“活动”，如下所示：

  "probe": "PROCESS_PROBE",
  "status": "ProcessCreated",
  "processName": "backgroundTaskHost.exe",
  "path": "C:\\WINDOWS\\system32\\backgroundTaskHost.exe",
  "creationClassName": "Win32_Process",
  "handle": "21632",
  "priority": "Normal",
  "commandLine": "\"C:\\WINDOWS\\system32\\backgroundTaskHost.exe\" -ServerName:CortanaUI.AppXy7vb4pc2dr3kc93kfc509b1d0arkfb2x.mca",
  "handleCount": 236,
  "processId": 21632,
  "parentProcessId": 112,
  "pageFileUsage": 4244,
  "creationDate": "20200410172922.614702+120",
  "annotations": {
    "userName": "datta",
    "timeSinceStartup": 259878750,
    "ticksOfEvent": 637221365629757593
  }
},
"activity":{
  "probe": "PROCESS_PROBE",
  "status": "ProcessDeleted",
  "processName": "RuntimeBroker.exe",
  "path": "C:\\Windows\\System32\\RuntimeBroker.exe",
  "creationClassName": "Win32_Process",
  "handle": "8504",
  "priority": "Normal",
  "handleCount": 285,
  "processId": 8504,
  "parentProcessId": 112,
  "pageFileUsage": 3180,
  "creationDate": "20200410172757.934567+120",
  "terminationDate": null,
  "annotations": {
    "userName": "datta",
    "timeSinceStartup": 259883953,
    "ticksOfEvent": 637221365681937472
  }
},
"activity":{
  "probe": "FILERESOURCE_PROBE",
  "status": "Changed",
  "path": "C:\\Users\\datta\\eclipse\\jee-2019-12",
  "entityName": "eclipse",
  "extension": "",
  "attributes": "Directory",
  "owner": "null",
  "length": 0,
  "isReadOnly": false,
  "creationTime": "2020-01-17T09:42:08.5092897+01:00",
  "lastWriteTime": "2020-03-25T10:56:10.7382329+01:00",
  "lastAccessTime": "2020-04-10T17:29:29.9811767+02:00",
  "annotations": {
    "userName": "datta",
    "timeSinceStartup": 259885750,
    "ticksOfEvent": 637221365699837331
  }
},
"activity":{
  "probe": "FILERESOURCE_PROBE",
  "status": "Changed",
  "path": "C:\\Users\\datta\\eclipse",
  "entityName": "jee-2019-12",
  "extension": "",
  "attributes": "Directory",
  "owner": "null",
  "length": 0,
  "isReadOnly": false,
  "creationTime": "2020-01-17T09:42:08.5083+01:00",
  "lastWriteTime": "2020-01-17T09:42:08.5092897+01:00",
  "lastAccessTime": "2020-04-10T17:29:29.9801436+02:00",
  "annotations": {
    "userName": "datta",
    "timeSinceStartup": 259885750,
    "ticksOfEvent": 637221365699906960
  }
},
"activity":{
  "probe": "FILERESOURCE_PROBE",
  "status": "Changed",
  "path": "C:\\Users\\datta",
  "entityName": "eclipse",
  "extension": "",
  "attributes": "Directory",
  "owner": "null",
  "length": 0,
  "isReadOnly": false,
  "creationTime": "2020-01-17T09:42:08.5083+01:00",
  "lastWriteTime": "2020-01-17T09:42:08.5083+01:00",
  "lastAccessTime": "2020-04-10T17:29:29.9922013+02:00",
  "annotations": {
    "userName": "datta",
    "timeSinceStartup": 259885765,
    "ticksOfEvent": 637221365699922013
  }
}
}

我想将它们加载到python程序中。目前，我正在使用 logData = json.load(logfile)加载它，但问题是当我这样做时，它会返回一个python dict，其中只有最后一个“activity”键，其余的“activity”键被重写。我不知道怎么把它们都装进去。如果你们能帮我，我将不胜感激。多谢各位

Answer 1

让一个对象对同一个键使用不同的内容看起来很奇怪，在这种情况下，获取一个对象数组可能更有意义。但假设您无法控制这一点，则必须对传入数据执行“其他操作”，而不是将键/值对解压到映射对象中。您可以通过注册object_pairs_hook来告诉^{}如何处理这些对，该对被传递到object_pairs_hook并且它返回的将成为相应的python对象。例如：

logdata = json.load(logfile, object_pairs_hook=tuple)

而不是一个dicts（这将是默认值），您最终得到的是tuples的(key, value)