乌龟：计时器一直在闪烁

Question

我有一些定时器代码：

from turtle import Screen, Turtle, bgcolor

# --- functions ---

def delSec(string):
    if len(string) == 1:
        return "0" + string
    else:
        return string

def tick():
    global milisecs, ticking


    turtle.clear()

    if milisecs < 0:
        turtle.write("TIMER DONE", align='center', font=FONT)
        ticking = False
        return
    else:
        turtle.write(delSec(str(milisecs//(60*60*10)))+":"+delSec(str((milisecs%(60*60*10))//(60*10)))+":"+delSec(str((milisecs%(60*10))//10))+":"+str(milisecs%10), align='center', font=FONT)
##        turtle.write(delSec(str(milisecs//(60*60)))+":"+delSec(str((milisecs%(60*60))//(60)))+":"+delSec(str((milisecs%(60))//1)), align='center', font=FONT)
        if not paused:
              milisecs -= 1

    screen.ontimer(tick, 100)

def reset():
    global milisecs, ticking, key_reset, key_pause, key_both
    #global paused

    print("reset")

    screen.onkey(None, key_reset)  # Disable event handler inside handler
    screen.onkey(None, key_pause)  # Disable event handler inside handler
    screen.onkey(None, key_both)

    milisecs = sum(time*10)

    if not ticking:
        ticking = True
        tick()

    #paused = False

    screen.onkey(reset, key_reset)  # Reenable event handler
    screen.onkey(pause, key_pause)  # Reenable event handler
    screen.onkey(both, key_both)

def both():
    reset()
    pause()

def pause():
    global paused

    print("pause/unpause")

    paused = not paused

# --- main ---

bgcolor('darkblue')
FONT = ("Arial", 60, "normal")

strings = input("Please enter the time: ").strip().split(' ')

time = [60 ** (len(strings) - index - 1) * int(unit) for index, unit in enumerate(strings)]

milisecs = -1
ticking = False
paused = False
key_reset = "r"
key_pause = "p"
key_both = "b"

screen = Screen()

turtle = Turtle()
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.color('white')

reset()

screen.listen()
screen.mainloop()

因为它每10秒钟改变一次，所以它一直在闪烁。这有点烦人，因为如果我在使用这个定时器时试图做一些事情，那么它会变得非常烦人。有没有办法让这个过程变得平滑，而不是一直闪烁？谢谢（我目前已将其设置为显示时间的位置，最多为十分之一秒，我希望保持这种状态）

---

编辑：如果你想修改代码，请随意修改，我只希望你能保持当前函数不变，所以不要修改，这样其他东西就不起作用了。谢谢

Answer 1

通过引入tracer()和update()屏幕方法，我对您的（实际上是我们的）代码进行了最低限度的更改，以消除闪烁。这告诉turtle我们最清楚何时（手动）更新屏幕并自动停止更新：

from turtle import Screen, Turtle

#  - constants  -

FONT = ("Arial", 60, "normal")

KEY_RESET = "r"
KEY_PAUSE = "p"
KEY_BOTH = "b"

#  - functions  -

def delSec(string):
    if len(string) == 1:
        return "0" + string

    return string

def tick():
    global milisecs, ticking

    turtle.clear()

    if milisecs < 0:
        turtle.write("TIMER DONE", align='center', font=FONT)
        screen.update()
        ticking = False
        return

    turtle.write( \
        delSec(str(milisecs // (60*60*10))) + ":" + \
        delSec(str((milisecs % (60*60*10)) // (60*10))) + ":" + \
        delSec(str((milisecs % (60*10)) // 10)) + "." + \
        str(milisecs % 10), align='center', font=FONT)

    screen.update()

    if not paused:
        milisecs -= 1

    screen.ontimer(tick, 100)

def reset():
    global milisecs, ticking

    print("reset")

    screen.onkey(None, KEY_RESET)  # Disable event handler inside handler
    screen.onkey(None, KEY_PAUSE)  # Disable event handler inside handler
    screen.onkey(None, KEY_BOTH)

    milisecs = sum(time*10)

    if not ticking:
        ticking = True
        tick()

    screen.onkey(reset, KEY_RESET)  # Reenable event handler
    screen.onkey(pause, KEY_PAUSE)  # Reenable event handler
    screen.onkey(both, KEY_BOTH)

def both():
    reset()
    pause()

def pause():
    global paused

    print("pause/unpause")

    paused = not paused

#  - main  -

strings = input("Please enter the time: ").strip().split(' ')

time = [60 ** (len(strings) - index - 1) * int(unit) for index, unit in enumerate(strings)]

milisecs = -1
ticking = False
paused = False

screen = Screen()
screen.bgcolor('darkblue')
screen.tracer(False)

turtle = Turtle()
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.color('white')

reset()

screen.listen()
screen.mainloop()

我还对代码做了一些小的调整，并将十分之一秒的表示从"45:7"更改为更标准化的"45.7"。按您认为合适的方式恢复