我想将下面的文本文件转换成一个以列为标题，以行为对应数据的文本文件

Question

下载后，我所有的数据都在文本文件（.txt）中。我有多个这样的文件（至少70000个），我想我会先用cmd中的copy.txt将它们合并成一个mastertext文件。然后，我想分析mastertext文件，以便理想的输出是.csv文件

为了便于分析，需要将数据转换为类似表的结构。每个文件（在我拥有的70000.txt文件中）都以“[”开头，以“]”结尾，每一行新数据都以“{”开头，以“}”结尾，我有多行格式相同的数据。我希望转换后的数据具有诸如“活动ID”之类的标题，以便我可以使用数据透视分析列（就像在excel中所做的那样）。我是编程新手，不确定Python中的哪些库可以帮助我实现我的目标

这是我所拥有的数据的一个例子。（注意——一个文件中只有两行，我有大约70000个这样的文件）

{
    "campaignId": "all",
    "startDate": "2020-06-11",
    "endDate": "2020-06-11",
    "device": "Computers",
    "network": "Display Network",
    "channel": "all",
    "accLevelQS": -1.0,
    "impressions": 389,
    "clicks": 3,
    "ctr": 0.0,
    "avgCPC": 0.0,
    "convValuePerClick": 0.0,
    "convValuePerCost": 0.0,
    "costConv1PerClick": 0.0,
    "convRate1PerClick": 0.0,
    "cost": 0.142884,
    "conv1PerClick": 0.0,
    "totalConvValue": 0.00,
    "allConversions": 0.0,
    "allConversionValue": 0.00,
    "avgPosition": 0.0,
    "intr": 3,
    "searchImprShare": 0.0,
    "contImprShare": 5.0,
    "impressionShare": 5.0
},
{
    "campaignId": "all",
    "startDate": "2020-06-11",
    "endDate": "2020-06-11",
    "device": "Mobile devices with full browsers",
    "network": "Display Network",
    "channel": "all",
    "accLevelQS": -1.0,
    "impressions": 6101,
    "clicks": 90,
    "ctr": 0.0,
    "avgCPC": 0.0,
    "convValuePerClick": 0.0,
    "convValuePerCost": 0.0,
    "costConv1PerClick": 0.0,
    "convRate1PerClick": 0.0,
    "cost": 4.342799,
    "conv1PerClick": 0.0,
    "totalConvValue": 0.00,
    "allConversions": 0.0,
    "allConversionValue": 0.00,
    "avgPosition": 0.0,
    "intr": 90,
    "searchImprShare": 0.0,
    "contImprShare": 5.0077566465021217,
    "impressionShare": 5.0077566465021217
}

Answer 1

I have made some assumptions as the data you have provided seems like a list of JSON data. This is because there is a "," in between your entries.

这是我的input.json文件。请注意，我在顶部和底部添加了[and]，因为这将为您的数据提供适当的JSON结构

[
  {
    "campaignId": "all",
    "startDate": "2020-06-11",
    "endDate": "2020-06-11",
    "device": "Computers",
    "network": "Display Network",
    "channel": "all",
    "accLevelQS": -1.0,
    "impressions": 389,
    "clicks": 3,
    "ctr": 0.0,
    "avgCPC": 0.0,
    "convValuePerClick": 0.0,
    "convValuePerCost": 0.0,
    "costConv1PerClick": 0.0,
    "convRate1PerClick": 0.0,
    "cost": 0.142884,
    "conv1PerClick": 0.0,
    "totalConvValue": 0.00,
    "allConversions": 0.0,
    "allConversionValue": 0.00,
    "avgPosition": 0.0,
    "intr": 3,
    "searchImprShare": 0.0,
    "contImprShare": 5.0,
    "impressionShare": 5.0
  },
  {
    "campaignId": "all",
    "startDate": "2020-06-11",
    "endDate": "2020-06-11",
    "device": "Mobile devices with full browsers",
    "network": "Display Network",
    "channel": "all",
    "accLevelQS": -1.0,
    "impressions": 6101,
    "clicks": 90,
    "ctr": 0.0,
    "avgCPC": 0.0,
    "convValuePerClick": 0.0,
    "convValuePerCost": 0.0,
    "costConv1PerClick": 0.0,
    "convRate1PerClick": 0.0,
    "cost": 4.342799,
    "conv1PerClick": 0.0,
    "totalConvValue": 0.00,
    "allConversions": 0.0,
    "allConversionValue": 0.00,
    "avgPosition": 0.0,
    "intr": 90,
    "searchImprShare": 0.0,
    "contImprShare": 5.0077566465021217,
    "impressionShare": 5.0077566465021217
  }
]

下面的代码使用pandas库将数据处理为数据帧，然后将其写入CSV文件

import json  # Available by default, no install required.
import glob  # Available by default, no install required.
import pandas as pd  # Requires installation via pip.

# Initialise a list to store our results.
combined_json = []

# Set a glob pattern to *.txt since your files are txt files.
# You can also write the full path e.g. /home/user/textfiles/*.txt
text_files = glob.glob("*.txt")

# Loop through all the text files and combine them into a single JSON list.
# As for 70,000 files, I am unsure how the performance will turn out.
for json_text in text_files:
    with open(json_text, 'r') as text_file:
        combined_json.extend(json.load(text_file))

# Write all the files to a JSON file. For your future usage.
# You also can read directly from the combed_json variable.
with open('input.json', 'w') as json_file:
    json.dump(combined_json, json_file, indent=2)

# Convert the JSON data into a dataframe, using the combined_json variable.
json_df = pd.json_normalize(combined_json)

# Write the data from the dataframe to the CSV file.
# Mode "w" will always overwrite the CSV file, use mode "a" to append text instead of overwriting.
json_df.to_csv("dataframe.csv", mode="w")

有关pd.json_normalize如何工作的更多信息，您可以参考here

要开始使用pandas库，可以参考here

如果希望从字符串而不是文件加载JSON，可以引用here

要了解有关glob的更多信息，您可以参考here