无法使用post请求分析某些搜索结果中的表格内容

2条回答

网友

1楼 · 编辑于 2024-09-30 05:26:01

最后一篇文章的结果如下所示。它不包含您期望的表，但它不是一个完整的HTML文档。我怀疑这通常是使用AJAX加载的，因此只更新DOM的一部分，然后在处理之后执行更多JavaScript来加载您所查找的表。我建议您使用selenium之类的工具来驱动浏览器。例如，使用Chrome：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

from selenium.common.exceptions import StaleElementReferenceException
import time

class WaitUntilElementIsStale:
    def __init__(self, *, driver=None, element=None, timeout=10):
        assert driver or element
        self.element = driver.find_element_by_tag_name('html') if element is None else element
        self.timeout = timeout

    def __enter__(self):
        return None

    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback):
        if exc_type is not None:
            return
        start_time = time.time()
        while time.time() < start_time + self.timeout:
            try:
                # poll the link with an arbitrary call
                self.element.find_elements_by_id("doesn't-matter")
            except StaleElementReferenceException:
                return
            time.sleep(0.1)


options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("headless") # comment out to see the browser
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-logging'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
try:
    driver.implicitly_wait(10) # 10 seconds is a bit of "overkill" but it doesn't hurt

    driver.get('https://www.lgindiasocial.com/microsites/brand-store-web-five/locate.aspx')
    with WaitUntilElementIsStale(element=driver.find_element_by_name("ddlCity")):
        Select(driver.find_element_by_name("ddlState")).select_by_value('Assam')
    with WaitUntilElementIsStale(element=driver.find_element_by_name("ddllocation")):
        Select(driver.find_element_by_name("ddlCity")).select_by_value('Golaghat')
    Select(driver.find_element_by_name("ddllocation")).select_by_value('Golaghat')
    driver.find_element_by_name('btnsubmit').click()
    driver.find_element_by_tag_name('table') # implicitly wait for up to 10 seconds for this element to appear
    soup = BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source, "lxml")
    item = soup.select_one("table")
    print(item)
finally:
    driver.quit()

印刷品：

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" id="dladdress" rules="all" style="background-color:White;border-width:0px;width:500px;border-collapse:collapse;border:0px solid red;">
<tbody><tr>
<td style="border-width:0px;">
<div style="padding:5px;text-align: left;width: 85%;">
<div style="padding-top:10px;  padding-bottom:5px; color:#d80546; ">LG BRAND STORE - BRAHMAPUTRA ELECTRONICS</div>
<span id="dladdress_ctl02_divaddress" style="font-weight:bold; padding-bottom:10px;">Complete Address : </span>
<span style="text-transform:capitalize">g.f. road, near das &amp; co., golaghat, assam</span><br/>
<span id="dladdress_ctl02_divcontact" style="font-weight:bold; padding-bottom:10px;">Contact Person :</span>
<span style="text-transform:capitalize;">pravin kankani<br/>
<span id="dladdress_ctl02_divphone" style="font-weight:bold; padding-bottom:10px;">Contact No. :</span> <span id="dladdress_ctl02_lblcontact">9954305770 , </span><br/>
<span id="dladdress_ctl02_divemail" style="font-weight:bold; padding-bottom:10px;"> Email ID:</span> brahmaputralgshoppe@yahoo.com<br/></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>

更新：

我看到你已经更新了你的问题。我假设您已经进行了网络跟踪，以查看后续的AJAX POST请求用于获得最终结果的内容。您非常依赖于网站应用程序的内部结构，不会发生变化，但我认为只要它们保持不变，您的代码就可以工作

我已经更新了我的解决方案，在尝试在下一个下拉列表中进行选择之前，不必每次在下拉列表中进行选择时任意等待1秒。例如，在“状态”下拉列表中进行选择后，将重新创建当前“城市”下拉列表（并且原始下拉列表将变为“过时”）。新代码只是重复地等待当前城市下拉列表变得过时，然后再寻找新的。因此，应该少浪费时间

第二个变化是简单地将完整的HTML加载到BeautifulSoup中

当然，这段代码取决于用户界面是否不变。但是，当用户界面确实发生变化时，这一点非常明显，并且该代码很容易适应这种变化

原始发帖请求的结果：

3256|updatePanel|UpdatePanel1|
      <div class="container-fluid">
                <div class="row">
                        <div class="col-md-12 text-center">Locate nearest LG Brand Store</div>
                        <div class="col-md-12 text-center">
                                <div class="row">
                                        <div class="col-md-3"><select name="ddlState" onchange="javascript:setTimeout('__doPostBack(\'ddlState\',\'\')', 0)" id="ddlState" class="select">
        <option selected="selected" value="Select State">Select State</option>
        <option value="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</option>
        <option value="Arunachal Pradesh">Arunachal Pradesh</option>
        <option value="Assam">Assam</option>
        <option value="Bangalore">Bangalore</option>
        <option value="Bihar">Bihar</option>
        <option value="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</option>
        <option value="Chhattisgarh">Chhattisgarh</option>
        <option value="Delhi">Delhi</option>
        <option value="Goa">Goa</option>
        <option value="Gujarat">Gujarat</option>
        <option value="Haryana">Haryana</option>
        <option value="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</option>
        <option value="Jammu and Kashmir">Jammu and Kashmir</option>
        <option value="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</option>
        <option value="Karnataka">Karnataka</option>
        <option value="Kerala">Kerala</option>
        <option value="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</option>
        <option value="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</option>
        <option value="Manipur">Manipur</option>
        <option value="Mizoram">Mizoram</option>
        <option value="Nagaland">Nagaland</option>
        <option value="Orissa">Orissa</option>
        <option value="Punjab">Punjab</option>
        <option value="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</option>
        <option value="Tamilnadu">Tamilnadu</option>
        <option value="Telangana">Telangana</option>
        <option value="Tripura">Tripura</option>
        <option value="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</option>
        <option value="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</option>
        <option value="West Bengal">West Bengal</option>

</select></div>
                                        <div class="col-md-3"><select name="ddlCity" onchange="javascript:setTimeout('__doPostBack(\'ddlCity\',\'\')', 0)" id="ddlCity" class="select">
        <option selected="selected" value="Select City">Select City</option>

</select></div>
                                        <div class="col-md-3"><select name="ddllocation" id="ddllocation" class="select">
        <option selected="selected" value="Select Location">Select Location</option>

</select></div>
                                        <div class="col-md-3"><input type="submit" name="btnsubmit" value="Submit" onclick="return validate();_gaq.push(['_trackEvent', 'LOCATE US', 'Click', 'SUBMIT']);" id="btnsubmit" class="submit" /></div>
                                </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="col-md-12 text-center mt-5">
                                <div class="col-md-12 text-center">
                                        <div class="row">
                                        <div class="col-md-6">
                                                <div id="map" style="display:none;height: 360px; width:100%;margin-left:10px;border:1px solid #cccccc;"></div>
                                        </div>
                                        <div class="col-md-6"><!              MAP START                 >
                                                <div id="divgrid" style="display:block;background-color:White;width:100%;height:360px;border:1px solid #cccccc;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:auto;">
                                                                <div>

</div>
                                                </div>
                                        </div>
                                        </div>
                                        <!              MAP END                 >
                                </div>
                        </div>
                </div>
          </div>
      |0|hiddenField|__EVENTTARGET||0|hiddenField|__EVENTARGUMENT||0|hiddenField|__LASTFOCUS||1648|hiddenField|__VIEWSTATE|9aji4H+sHZgnrG7tl/cn055Jcu74N6ZhHGoSzOvQqlBrKXUD9/cBQ156dQZjy+TjfXw0Fkg3939tdE4izxjfd/hvGfV4nC0wmZIv3wKCnQdxKzH0RFeDbEqZ6m1kn1GeiQCcDTOQ0UySTp+gTFcA7Jih/UbFnTjOsDJ7tk1JEMlsw7O8Ss/g1Fvc/Vx1Oh4xVEvtS0hlmp6WbU2dpm8dMvVdcy1Or8IgSDoVoNQbqVDXcRkZEPHk9uV4p/VuoMU9LgSDVlrd9FCxV5rP4xkW1+THBX1FqCUYQfk8VfayTQTg1FyQfs0lWHMpXmBNpUhSGxXkLL6GQ9s4dNzKcJa8NWcwjTu78b168nL3TB2aw0iVARxkIUXOn+E51MFFfzdDJYgBhar7XJiF9AUQh2k4wwgTB4FmNGxlO9bGtGZMdB7NR19OmLoP3Tz1xZ9wJaJI2rBdbGGvpjUJHlVnoAx9Pn8jmzVtuqA/KFmgJZd2XfQAlez8qXZz/Nakl22uhzgCZDdl77H25PU4aZhHemR8Ut4sYNposzdkUuD1FxVlTfkqRcFMVpSdLWpQZeowAJx12wbv/ny8ohsEMuTs7dfhAqXw01HlEh22SXoWDzrTeeFPNn2ryqyloczBleGoXDHqeAAygeIHmnjM1eHujrcIER5dijk1cU7OH7FpRyBp3ACvvZSprRAQBy4ORiu5F8LBbPiTPVxWwFjNijL2hmW9yCia54tLdaSmx3zNlQXjel9Mo2D9QhrMs45p4srk2iFuItuUCdiA+oCsb+BHGP5WhypWYR/z6WDnY8fjBnRkIxrLNehve9qN2DLtAZGoO+UuVmqPooMBTv0RPw9cHdF52Yu52ZtHtFat7BTH2vrneUsIsEBzMc19/NBswNuugvJQDJ/OHUEx1f7uB6cdqFTUyTc+LOK8kW5lZMKyUzS4Bzc5g5XIi4e9c9/B1Bgvj16aT8oKyryK92uhjOrMNP5uSh/izGBB3WH1semoIih72Jy8ydLjOsk3qSylCqoYzQSSCTXRXeCZcengG4dgFTVwW32wA7WjbpUGZw1/YKENhiesda8ZP/nrFNmXDFqMHNm5Oe059jCxk+GpsKRRK3eN5nnXTez3uXx+XdJNrgVBR+gufhsAW/Z7N4b1SKpBnKa3t7O7KBUhrn60PnluMlmrAq6yppcJ6SSyBLVbJPTZLORUKmp2ha3FUSRBl/Ei8bx1FdJXFFcWP0k/c+vWmsBpiyvkD6azYWadVRcL6OdTb9iBl2BP4qktMGxQj7xtFbP8Jk3iAbf/CULABw6wUrl+JdCITSNPfypfsM+MWFKEb1M4a+PGtRcYBIcWe7hmzyjau9j1XCxZJuUNMgiwQYv/Zdl8pMzKEFOM9Rt9oUQvkOnOVLggqqK+rLhiSbwZfI7HRvoC3eLdta9NY7D+6PNrwGkfOnnjCeyWTRMHD61rA2tt/bHOJNr+HEgIMimYgsfMW6q244E/OLDDLPCYcBvHpDsJilHJCY9olAm6+j/8jAyYzHvDzUJSDpf6PImydtv7er2gvryRRBAeImlSLasgP+3ujnrfgG3DA9L6PoV2P9Ft6INQGhrHIwmxtCUnl7THLHCLcqFGW6mG4Sn5CJTp2BnqtM0xFecL/ytDHA+xYHnEs4ky|8|hiddenField|__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR|06ED1D24|0|hiddenField|__VIEWSTATEENCRYPTED||0|asyncPostBackControlIDs|||0|postBackControlIDs|||13|updatePanelIDs||tUpdatePanel1|0|childUpdatePanelIDs|||12|panelsToRefreshIDs||UpdatePanel1|2|asyncPostBackTimeout||90|11|formAction||locate.aspx|14|scriptBlock|ScriptContentNoTags|var player=[];|13|scriptStartupBlock|ScriptContentNoTags|initialize();|

网友

2楼 · 编辑于 2024-09-30 05:26:01

首先，在代码中输入一个小的输入错误，（在那里加上冒号）

payload['ddlState:'] = 'Assam'

更大的问题在于页面的构造方式。该页面有三个下拉列表，这些下拉列表发送POST请求。每个POST请求都返回一个修改的_VIEWSTATE，该状态需要包含在后续请求的标头中

在您的代码中，您仅从原始GET请求的输入[form]获取_VIEWSTATE，您需要从上一个POST请求获取_VIEWSTATE。因此，以下措施应该有效：

with requests.Session() as s:
    s.headers['User-Agent'] = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36'
    r = s.get(URL)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, "lxml")

    # first POST = Select State
    payload = {i['name']: i.get('value', '') for i in soup.select('input[name]')}
    payload['ScriptManager1'] = 'UpdatePanel1|btnsubmit'
    payload['ddlState'] = 'Assam'
    payload['ddlCity'] = 'Select City'
    payload['ddllocation'] = 'Select Location'
    payload['__EVENTTARGET'] = 'ddlState'
    r = s.post(URL, data=payload)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, "lxml")

    # second POST = Select City
    payload = {i['name']: i.get('value', '') for i in soup.select('input[name]')}
    payload['ScriptManager1'] = 'UpdatePanel1|btnsubmit'
    payload['ddlCity'] = 'Golaghat'
    payload['ddllocation'] = 'Select Location'
    payload['__EVENTTARGET'] = 'ddlCity'
    r = s.post(URL, data=payload)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, "lxml")

    # third POST = Select Location
    payload = {i['name']: i.get('value', '') for i in soup.select('input[name]')}
    payload['ScriptManager1'] = 'UpdatePanel1|btnsubmit'
    payload['ddlCity'] = 'Golaghat'
    payload['ddllocation'] = 'Golaghat'
    payload['__EVENTTARGET'] = ''

    s.headers.update(headers)
    r = s.post(URL, data=payload)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, "lxml")
    item = soup.select_one("table")
    print(item)

这段代码还有一些优化的空间。我试图使问题透明化

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