Python请求：[SSL:证书\u验证\u失败]证书验证失败：自签名证书

Question

我试图通过将上游服务器作为代理传递来终止NGINX上的SSL。 工作环境位于本地主机上

我已经想尽一切办法抑制这个错误，但它不会

NGINX配置

stream {
    upstream stream_backend {
         server localhost:5011;
         
    }
    server {
        listen 80;
        listen 443 ssl;
        proxy_pass            stream_backend;
        ssl_certificate      /etc/ssl/certs/proxypool.crt;
        ssl_certificate_key  /etc/ssl/private/proxypool.key;
        ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
        ssl_ciphers         HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
        ssl_session_timeout 4h;
        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:20m;
    }
}

生成证书的方式

sudo openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 9999 -newkey rsa:2048 \
    -keyout /etc/ssl/private/proxypool.key \
    -out /etc/ssl/certs/proxypool.crt

*所有提示的答案均为空

我执行请求的方式

proxies = {
    'http': 'http://localhost',
    'https': 'https://localhost'
}

response = requests.post(
    'https://api.ipify.org?format=json',
    proxies=proxies,
    verify="/etc/ssl/certs/proxypool.pem"
)

错误

requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='api.ipify.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /?format=json (Caused by SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: self signed certificate (_ssl.c:1131)')))

我尝试过但没有成功的事情

• 正在传递verify=False。结果certificate verify failed: Hostname mismatch, certificate is not valid for 'localhost'
• 使用SSL verification bypass context

Answer 1

将自签名证书添加到Python证书束中，通过以下方式检查其位置：

>>> import certifi
>>> certifi.where()
'/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site- 
packages/certifi/cacert.pem'

并将您的证书添加到该文件的末尾