使用apache服务器（WAMP）在windows 10上部署Django web应用程序，不显示管理员站点的CSS

Question

在Windows 10 django应用程序上，当使用命令python manage.py使用development server运行时，runserver会正确显示管理员登录页面和管理员站点。但若使用apache服务时，同一路径上的同一django应用程序并没有为管理员登录和其他管理员站点页面正确显示css

我曾尝试按照https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/wsgi/modwsgi/中的步骤进行操作，但某些配置/设置丢失/不正确，导致css未应用于管理员登录页面和管理员站点。 我的开发和部署与WAMP server 3.2.3.3在同一台windows 10计算机上。 我已经安装了mod_wsgi，下面是settings.py中的相关部分 导入操作系统 从pathlib导入路径

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.


BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent




# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'secrete key is listed here'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = False

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')

STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'), ]

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')

STATICFILES_FINDERS = [
    "django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder",
    "django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder",
]


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

    'polls.apps.PollsConfig',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'hellodjangodeployapache_project.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'hellodjangodeployapache_project.wsgi.application'


# Database


DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
    }
}


# Password validation


AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]

SITE_ID = 1
# Internationalization


LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)


STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# Default primary key field type

    enter code here

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'

my projects URL.py如下所示

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path
from . import views
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static

urlpatterns = [
                  path('polls/', include('polls.urls')),
                  path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
                  path('', views.home, name='home'),

              ] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

wsgi.py如下所示

import os

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'hellodjangodeployapache_project.settings')

application = get_wsgi_application()

django项目目录结构如下图所示

project directory structure

apache服务器的httpd.conf中添加了以下行

# LoadFile "d:/pythoninstallation/python39.dll"
LoadModule wsgi_module "c:/users/admin/envs/hellodjangodeployapacheenv/lib/site-packages/mod_wsgi/server/mod_wsgi.cp39-win_amd64.pyd"
WSGIPythonHome "c:/users/admin/envs/hellodjangodeployapacheenv"


WSGIPythonPath "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project"

<Directory "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project">
<Files wsgi.py>
Require all granted
</Files>
</Directory>

Alias /media/ "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project/media/"

Alias /static/ "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project/static/"

<Directory "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project/static/">
Require all granted
</Directory>

<Directory "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project/media/">
Require all granted
</Directory>

WSGIScriptAlias / "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project/hellodjangodeployapache_project/wsgi.py"

<Directory "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project/hellodjangodeployapache_project">
<Files wsgi.py>
Require all granted
</Files>
</Directory>

以下是httpd-vhosts.conf文件内容

# Virtual Hosts
#
<VirtualHost *:80>
  ServerName localhost
  ServerAlias localhost
  DocumentRoot "${INSTALL_DIR}/www"
#  <Directory "${INSTALL_DIR}/www/">
#    Options +Indexes +Includes +FollowSymLinks +MultiViews
#    AllowOverride All
#    Require local
#  </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

wamp服务器安装在C:\wamp64，C:\wamp64\www的内容为空。 虚拟环境是使用VirtualNVRapper win创建的，其名称为hellodjangodeployapacheEnv

当django WebApp使用python manage.py runserver运行并使用http://127.0.0.1:8000打开时，它会正确地显示管理员登录页面/管理员站点，但会使用上述配置设置向apache提供服务http://localhost/admin 显示没有css的管理员登录页面和管理员站点。 在上述设置/配置文件中需要做什么更改，以便管理员登录/管理员站点在使用windows 10上的apache服务器时显示正常的CSS

Answer 1

在Apache配置中，静态别名必须指向静态根文件夹 因此它看起来像

Alias /static/ "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project/staticfiles/"