在Blender的Python中安装Dlib时出错

Question

我正在写一个用于3D人脸扫描的Blender插件。我想在扫描的人脸图像中找到地标（眉毛、眼角、嘴线等），以便将它们映射到模型。Dlib库非常适合查找这些地标，但我无法在Blender的Python中安装它（因此我可以从插件调用它）

在我已经安装的独立Python（3.6.4）版本中安装Dlib没有问题。作为一种解决方法，我目前正在从插件中的子进程调用此Python，但这非常缓慢，并且使得插件很难安装到另一台计算机上

以下是我尝试在Blender的Python中安装带有pip的Dlib时的输出（Blender是带有Python 3.7.4的2.81版）：

C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\bin> ./python -m pip install dlib --user
Collecting dlib
  Using cached dlib-19.19.0.tar.gz (3.2 MB)
Installing collected packages: dlib
    Running setup.py install for dlib ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: 'C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\bin\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\David\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-x18bl7c_\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\David\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-x18bl7c_\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:\Users\David\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-k5d8lob9\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --user --prefix= --compile --install-headers 'C:\Users\David\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python37\Include\dlib'
         cwd: C:\Users\David\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-x18bl7c_\dlib\
    Complete output (66 lines):
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    package init file 'dlib\__init__.py' not found (or not a regular file)
    running build_ext
    Building extension for Python 3.7.4 (default, Aug 13 2019, 14:10:15) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)]
    Invoking CMake setup: 'cmake C:\Users\David\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-x18bl7c_\dlib\tools\python -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=C:\Users\David\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-x18bl7c_\dlib\build\lib.win-amd64-3.7 -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\bin\python.exe -DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE=C:\Users\David\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-x18bl7c_\dlib\build\lib.win-amd64-3.7 -A x64'
    -- Building for: Visual Studio 15 2017
    -- Selecting Windows SDK version 10.0.17763.0 to target Windows 10.0.18362.
    -- The C compiler identification is MSVC 19.16.27030.1
    -- The CXX compiler identification is MSVC 19.16.27030.1
    -- Check for working C compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.16.27023/bin/Hostx86/x64/cl.exe
    -- Check for working C compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.16.27023/bin/Hostx86/x64/cl.exe -- works
    -- Detecting C compiler ABI info
    -- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
    -- Detecting C compile features
    -- Detecting C compile features - done
    -- Check for working CXX compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.16.27023/bin/Hostx86/x64/cl.exe
    -- Check for working CXX compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.16.27023/bin/Hostx86/x64/cl.exe -- works
    -- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
    -- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
    -- Detecting CXX compile features
    -- Detecting CXX compile features - done
    -- Found PythonInterp: C:/Program Files/Blender Foundation/Blender 2.81/2.81/python/bin/python.exe (found version "3.7.4")
    CMake Error at C:/Users/David/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-install-x18bl7c_/dlib/dlib/external/pybind11/tools/FindPythonLibsNew.cmake:158 (message):
      Python libraries not found
    Call Stack (most recent call first):
      C:/Users/David/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-install-x18bl7c_/dlib/dlib/external/pybind11/tools/pybind11Tools.cmake:16 (find_package)
      C:/Users/David/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-install-x18bl7c_/dlib/dlib/external/pybind11/CMakeLists.txt:33 (include)


    -- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
    See also "C:/Users/David/AppData/Local/Temp/pip-install-x18bl7c_/dlib/build/temp.win-amd64-3.7/Release/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "C:\Users\David\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-x18bl7c_\dlib\setup.py", line 261, in <module>
        'Topic :: Software Development',
      File "C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py", line 145, in setup
        return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
      File "C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\lib\distutils\core.py", line 148, in setup
        dist.run_commands()
      File "C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
        self.run_command(cmd)
      File "C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\install.py", line 61, in run
        return orig.install.run(self)
      File "C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\lib\distutils\command\install.py", line 545, in run
        self.run_command('build')
      File "C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\lib\distutils\command\build.py", line 135, in run
        self.run_command(cmd_name)
      File "C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 985, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "C:\Users\David\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-x18bl7c_\dlib\setup.py", line 135, in run
        self.build_extension(ext)
      File "C:\Users\David\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-x18bl7c_\dlib\setup.py", line 172, in build_extension
        subprocess.check_call(cmake_setup, cwd=build_folder)
      File "C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\lib\subprocess.py", line 347, in check_call
        raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
    subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '['cmake', 'C:\\Users\\David\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-x18bl7c_\\dlib\\tools\\python', '-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=C:\\Users\\David\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-x18bl7c_\\dlib\\build\\lib.win-amd64-3.7', '-DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=C:\\Program Files\\Blender Foundation\\Blender 2.81\\2.81\\python\\bin\\python.exe', '-DCMAKE_LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY_RELEASE=C:\\Users\\David\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-x18bl7c_\\dlib\\build\\lib.win-amd64-3.7', '-A', 'x64']' returned non-zero exit status 1.
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'C:\Program Files\Blender Foundation\Blender 2.81\2.81\python\bin\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\David\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-x18bl7c_\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\David\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-x18bl7c_\\dlib\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:\Users\David\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-k5d8lob9\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --user --prefix= --compile --install-headers 'C:\Users\David\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python37\Include\dlib' Check the logs for full command output.

虽然我想在Blender中使用Dlib，但我对在图像中查找面部标志的其他方法持开放态度。无论哪种方式，我都需要插件的另一个用户（或插件本身）能够安装所需的库，而无需做太多工作

如果有帮助的话，here is a video演示如何在混合器中使用Dlib

如果我能澄清什么，请告诉我

谢谢， 大卫

Answer 1

我在尝试使用blender、笔记本电脑网络摄像头和OpenCV进行一些实时面部装配时遇到了相同的问题，遵循Gadget Workbench制作的教程（您可以在这里找到：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O7nNO3FLkLU）。这是我的解决办法

>；正如Blender文档中提到的，您不应该使用不同版本的python来使用模块

The Python (major, minor) version must match the one that Blender comes with. Therefor you can’t use Python 3.6 with Blender built to use Python 3.7.

他们还提到了需要使用OS python或添加一些扩展时的变通方法。（文件编号为here）。您还可以使用Anaconda而不是经典的Python安装，以便能够快速切换Python主版本。一旦您确定自己的python OS版本与混合版python版本相同，就可以开始了：）

我通过更新pip，仅使用打包了blender的python就成功地修复了这个错误

1-首先，运行pip update命令（一旦进入Blender安装目录中的python文件夹）：

.\python -m pip install  upgrade pip

2-然后您可以安装dlib

.\python -m pip install dlib

3-要验证一切正常，您可以打开blender项目，进入“脚本”选项卡（或者只需在blender中的任何位置打开控制台面板），然后尝试键入

import dlib

它不会再在Blender或操作系统控制台中引发错误

Answer 2

我建议在普通python中运行Dlib，并将输出坐标存储在其他一些txt、csv或一些图像文件中。然后在blender python的脚本中导入OS模块，并读取普通python生成的文件。通过这种方式，您可以在普通python和blender的python之间进行通信。另一个选项是使用sys模块。在blender的py脚本中导入sys模块，并在从命令行调用blender python脚本时传递参数。或者，您也可以从普通python使用blender的python。在普通python中导入子流程模块，并将py脚本作为子流程运行。这类似于从终端或windows cmd运行脚本。Blender的python预装了sys或OS等基本模块。您可以使用它们与普通python通信。您将能够从两个不同版本的python中获得优势