如何在Django视图中正确序列化API响应

# Traceback [2020-06-23 14:58:54,086] log: ERROR - Internal Server Error: /get_gifs/ Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\Jonas\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py", line 34, in inner response = get_response(request) File "C:\Users\Jonas\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 115, in _get_response response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request) File "C:\Users\Jonas\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 113, in _get_response response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs) File "C:\Users\Jonas\Desktop\finsphere\finsphere\blog\views.py", line 234, in get_gifs return JsonResponse(api_response.data[0]) File "C:\Users\Jonas\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\site-packages\django\http\response.py", line 554, in __init__ raise TypeError( TypeError: In order to allow non-dict objects to be serialized set the safe parameter to False. [23/Jun/2020 14:58:54] "POST /get_gifs/ HTTP/1.1" 500 17874

(function($) { $('#btnSearch').on('click', function(e) { var query = $('#search').val(); console.log(query); e.preventDefault(); $.ajax({ type: 'post', async: true, url: '/get_gifs/', data: { 'query': query, 'csrfmiddlewaretoken': window.CSRF_TOKEN // from blog.html }, success: function(response) { }, error: function(xhr, status, error) { // shit happens friends! } }); }); }(jQuery));

def get_gifs(request): # create an instance of the API class api_instance = giphy_client.DefaultApi() # API Key api_key = 'NGSKWrBqtIq1rFU1Ka11D879Y1u4Igia' # Search term q = request.POST.get('query') print(q) # Query parameters limit = 2 offset = 0 rating = 'g' lang = 'en' fmt = 'json' try: # Search Endpoint api_response = api_instance.gifs_search_get(api_key, q, limit=limit, offset=offset, rating=rating, lang=lang, fmt=fmt) pprint(api_response) except ApiException as e: print("Exception when calling DefaultApi->gifs_search_get: %s\n" % e) return JsonResponse(api_response.data[0])

{'data': [{'bitly_gif_url': 'https://gph.is/g/EJWjdvN', 'bitly_url': 'https://gph.is/g/EJWjdvN', 'content_url': '', 'create_datetime': None, 'embed_url': 'https://giphy.com/embed/J0JGg6doLfmV0yZmIB', 'featured_tags': None, 'id': 'J0JGg6doLfmV0yZmIB', 'images': {'downsized': {'height': '250', 'size': '350582', 'url': 'https://media3.giphy.com/media/J0JGg6doLfmV0yZmIB/giphy.gif?cid=ecefd82565bc1664c2b17e3e4b60d88c736d0c6b5a39d682&rid=giphy.gif', 'width': '478'}, 'downsized_large': {'height': '250', 'size': '350582', 'url': 'https://media3.giphy.com/media/J0JGg6doLfmV0yZmIB/giphy.gif?cid=ecefd82565bc1664c2b17e3e4b60d88c736d0c6b5a39d682&rid=giphy.gif', 'width': '478'}, 'preview_gif': {'height': '134', 'size': '49623', 'url': 'https://media3.giphy.com/media/J0JGg6doLfmV0yZmIB/giphy-preview.gif?cid=ecefd82565bc1664c2b17e3e4b60d88c736d0c6b5a39d682&rid=giphy-preview.gif', 'width': '256'}}, 'import_datetime': '2020-06-15 10:01:39', 'is_anonymous': None, 'is_community': None, 'is_featured': None, 'is_hidden': None, 'is_indexable': None, 'is_realtime': None, 'is_removed': None, 'is_sticker': False, 'rating': 'g', 'slug': 'MITEF-mitefarab-asc2020-J0JGg6doLfmV0yZmIB', 'source': 'www.mitefarab.org', 'source_post_url': 'www.mitefarab.org', 'source_tld': '', 'tags': None, 'trending_datetime': '0000-00-00 00:00:00', 'type': 'gif', 'update_datetime': None, 'url': 'https://giphy.com/gifs/MITEF-mitefarab-asc2020-J0JGg6doLfmV0yZmIB', 'user': {'avatar_url': 'https://media2.giphy.com/avatars/MITEF/8FTlysEjtXzx.jpg', 'banner_url': '', 'display_name': 'MITEF Pan Arab', 'profile_url': 'https://giphy.com/MITEF/', 'twitter': None, 'username': 'MITEF'}, 'username': 'MITEF'}, {'bitly_gif_url': 'https://gph.is/g/ZdxQQpP', 'bitly_url': 'https://gph.is/g/ZdxQQpP', 'content_url': '', 'create_datetime': None, 'embed_url': 'https://giphy.com/embed/hTJF0O4vDkJsUi1h8Q', 'featured_tags': None, 'id': 'hTJF0O4vDkJsUi1h8Q', 'images': {'downsized': {'height': '480', 'size': '310971', 'url': 'https://media3.giphy.com/media/hTJF0O4vDkJsUi1h8Q/giphy.gif?cid=ecefd82565bc1664c2b17e3e4b60d88c736d0c6b5a39d682&rid=giphy.gif', 'width': '480'}, 'preview': {'height': '480', 'mp4': 'https://media3.giphy.com/media/hTJF0O4vDkJsUi1h8Q/giphy-preview.mp4?cid=ecefd82565bc1664c2b17e3e4b60d88c736d0c6b5a39d682&rid=giphy-preview.mp4', 'mp4_size': '15536', 'width': '480'}, 'preview_gif': {'height': '480', 'size': '22387', 'url': 'https://media3.giphy.com/media/hTJF0O4vDkJsUi1h8Q/giphy-preview.gif?cid=ecefd82565bc1664c2b17e3e4b60d88c736d0c6b5a39d682&rid=giphy-preview.gif', 'width': '480'}}, 'import_datetime': '2019-07-19 22:27:40', 'is_anonymous': None, 'is_community': None, 'is_featured': None, 'is_hidden': None, 'is_indexable': None, 'is_realtime': None, 'is_removed': None, 'is_sticker': False, 'rating': 'g', 'slug': 'RecargaPay-cashback-recargapay-paguetudopelocelular-hTJF0O4vDkJsUi1h8Q', 'source': 'www.recargapay.com.br', 'source_post_url': 'www.recargapay.com.br', 'source_tld': '', 'tags': None, 'trending_datetime': '0000-00-00 00:00:00', 'type': 'gif', 'update_datetime': None, 'url': 'https://giphy.com/gifs/RecargaPay-cashback-recargapay-paguetudopelocelular-hTJF0O4vDkJsUi1h8Q', 'user': {'avatar_url': 'https://media0.giphy.com/avatars/RecargaPay/msKTiPaVkvqd.png', 'banner_url': 'https://media0.giphy.com/headers/RecargaPay/kg023vdaAaWA.gif', 'display_name': 'RecargaPay', 'profile_url': 'https://giphy.com/RecargaPay/', 'twitter': None, 'username': 'RecargaPay'}, 'username': 'RecargaPay'}], 'meta': {'msg': 'OK', 'response_id': '65bc1664c2b17e3e4b60d88c736d0c6b5a39d682', 'status': 200}, 'pagination': {'count': 2, 'offset': 0, 'total_count': 10}}

3条回答

网友
1楼 · 编辑于 2024-10-01 05:06:19

render(request, template_name, context=None, content_type=None, status=None, using=None)
render() Combines a given template with a given context dictionary and returns an HttpResponse object with that rendered text.
您可以使用Django defaultsJsonResponse类或Django REST frameworkResponse类返回JSON响应
from django.http import JsonResponse return JsonResponse(data=api_response.data) from rest_framework.response import Response return Response(data=api_response.data)
在ipython外壳上试用，效果很好
In [15]: response = Response(api_response.data[0]) In [16]: response Out[16]: <Response status_code=200, "text/html; charset=utf-8">
response.data给我序列化的响应

网友
2楼 · 编辑于 2024-10-01 05:06:19

Python有一个内置函数，用于将dict转换为json
import json data = api_response.data return render(request, json.dumps(data))
如果在return语句中使用它，它应该返回json

网友
3楼 · 编辑于 2024-10-01 05:06:19

我认为您的代码除了视图中的return JsonResponse(api_response.data[0])之外，所有内容都是正确的

JsonResponse：

第一个参数data应该是dict实例。如果安全参数设置为False，则它可以是任何JSON可序列化对象official documentation link

当你说

1.safe=True

return JsonResponse(api_response.data[0])

TypeError: In order to allow non-dict objects to be serialized set the safe parameter to False.

错误很明显api_response.data[0]不是dict，请参见第2点错误

2safe=False

return JsonResponse(api_response.data[0], safe=False)
TypeError: Object of type Gif is not JSON serializable

您提供给JsonResponse的数据[0]实际上不是dict类型的对象，这就是第一点出现错误的原因

当您说safe=FalseJsonResponse正在尝试序列化对象，但该对象不可json序列化时，您可以追溯错误

File "....\Python\Python38\lib\json\encoder.py", line 179, in default
    raise TypeError(f'Object of type {o.__class__.__name__} '
TypeError: Object of type Gif is not JSON serializable

可以在link之后查看哪个对象可以Json序列化

回到你的错误上来

因为api_response.data[0]是一本水晶般清晰的字典，所以我不明白这一点

api_response和api_response.data[0]的类型

type(api_response)
<class 'giphy_client.models.inline_response_200.InlineResponse200'>
type(api_response.data[0])
<class 'giphy_client.models.gif.Gif'>

您可以按照giphy_clientdocumentation link了解更多详细信息

解决方案：

result = api_response.data[0].to_dict()   ## NOTE to_dict function of giphy_client.models.gif.Gif

return JsonResponse(result)

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