python管理.pysyncdb失败，并显示“未正确配置：没有名为”psycopg2“的模块问题的回答

python管理.pysyncdb失败，并显示“未正确配置：没有名为”psycopg2“的模块

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我目前正在通过<a href="http://goo.gl/0Dw0ZQ" rel="nofollow noreferrer">these steps</a>安装我的第一个数字海洋服务器，它使用的是Ubuntu14x32和Django1.7，使用Python3.4。我对Ubuntu和digitialocean都是新手，尽管我多年前在Unix上开发过。在 我在运行<code>syncdb</code>时遇到了Postgres和Django的问题。在 <hr/> （注意：我用<code>-p /usr/bin/python3.4</code>安装了我的virtualenv，这与指示的不同。我不知道这是否有区别。） <hr/> 在步骤8中，它说要用 <pre><code>pip install psycopg2 </code></pre> 如<a href="https://askubuntu.com/questions/507320/starting-with-ubuntu-in-digitalocean-pip-failing-with-permission-denied">this question</a>中所述，必须更改为 ^{pr2}$ 但它失败了 <pre><code>./psycopg/psycopg.h:30:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory </code></pre> 全输出： <pre><code>(django_test_venv)jeffy@originaldjangster:~/django_files/django_test_venv/bin$ sudo /home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/bin/pip install psycopg2 Downloading/unpacking psycopg2 Downloading psycopg2-2.5.3.tar.gz (690kB): 690kB downloaded Running setup.py (path:/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/build/psycopg2/setup.py) egg_info for package psycopg2 Installing collected packages: psycopg2 Running setup.py install for psycopg2 Skipping implicit fixer: buffer Skipping implicit fixer: idioms Skipping implicit fixer: set_literal Skipping implicit fixer: ws_comma building 'psycopg2._psycopg' extension i686-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -Wformat -Werror=format-security -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -DPSYCOPG_DEFAULT_PYDATETIME=1 -DPSYCOPG_VERSION="2.5.3 (dt dec pq3 ext)" -DPSYCOPG_EXTENSIONS=1 -DPSYCOPG_NEW_BOOLEAN=1 -DHAVE_PQFREEMEM=1 -DPG_VERSION_HEX=0x090304 -DPSYCOPG_EXTENSIONS=1 -DPSYCOPG_NEW_BOOLEAN=1 -DHAVE_PQFREEMEM=1 -I/usr/include/python3.4m -I/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/include/python3.4m -I. -I/usr/include/postgresql -I/usr/include/postgresql/9.3/server -c psycopg/psycopgmodule.c -o build/temp.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg/psycopgmodule.o -Wdeclaration-after-statement In file included from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:0: ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory #include <Python.h> ^ compilation terminated. error: command 'i686-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1 Complete output from command /home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/bin/python3.4 -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/build/psycopg2/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-jilc5e_m-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/include/site/python3.4: running install running build running build_py creating build creating build/lib.linux-i686-3.4 creating build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2 copying lib/_range.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2 copying lib/extras.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2 copying lib/pool.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2 copying lib/extensions.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2 copying lib/errorcodes.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2 copying lib/psycopg1.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2 copying lib/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2 copying lib/_json.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2 copying lib/tz.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2 creating build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_dates.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_lobject.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_extras_dictcursor.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_transaction.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_green.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_psycopg2_dbapi20.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_bug_gc.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_bugX000.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_notify.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/dbapi20_tpc.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_types_basic.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/testconfig.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_with.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_quote.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_copy.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_module.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_types_extras.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/dbapi20.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_connection.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_async.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_cursor.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/testutils.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests copying tests/test_cancel.py -> build/lib.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg2/tests Skipping implicit fixer: buffer Skipping implicit fixer: idioms Skipping implicit fixer: set_literal Skipping implicit fixer: ws_comma running build_ext building 'psycopg2._psycopg' extension creating build/temp.linux-i686-3.4 creating build/temp.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg i686-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -Wformat -Werror=format-security -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -DPSYCOPG_DEFAULT_PYDATETIME=1 -DPSYCOPG_VERSION="2.5.3 (dt dec pq3 ext)" -DPSYCOPG_EXTENSIONS=1 -DPSYCOPG_NEW_BOOLEAN=1 -DHAVE_PQFREEMEM=1 -DPG_VERSION_HEX=0x090304 -DPSYCOPG_EXTENSIONS=1 -DPSYCOPG_NEW_BOOLEAN=1 -DHAVE_PQFREEMEM=1 -I/usr/include/python3.4m -I/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/include/python3.4m -I. -I/usr/include/postgresql -I/usr/include/postgresql/9.3/server -c psycopg/psycopgmodule.c -o build/temp.linux-i686-3.4/psycopg/psycopgmodule.o -Wdeclaration-after-statement In file included from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:0: ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory #include <Python.h> ^ compilation terminated. error: command 'i686-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1 ---------------------------------------- Cleaning up... Command /home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/bin/python3.4 -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/build/psycopg2/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-jilc5e_m-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/include/site/python3.4 failed with error code 1 in /home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/build/psycopg2 Storing debug log for failure in /home/jeffy/.pip/pip.log </code></pre> 我最终决定这样做，这是可行的： <pre><code>sudo apt-get install python-psycopg2 </code></pre> 然后它说要在<code>settings.py</code>中配置Django<code>DATABASE</code>变量，以 <pre><code>"'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2'," </code></pre> 然后跑 <pre><code>python manange.py syncdb </code></pre> <code>syncdb</code>失败，错误为 <code>django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading psycopg2 module: No module named 'psycopg2'</code> 全输出： <pre><code>(django_test_venv)jeffy@originaldjangster:~/django_files/django_test$ python manage.py syncdb Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql_psycopg2/base.py", line 23, in <module> import psycopg2 as Database ImportError: No module named 'psycopg2' During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "manage.py", line 10, in <module> execute_from_command_line(sys.argv) File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 385, in execute_from_command_line utility.execute() File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 354, in execute django.setup() File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 21, in setup apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS) File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 108, in populate app_config.import_models(all_models) File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 197, in import_models self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name) File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/importlib/__init__.py", line 109, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2231, in _gcd_import File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2214, in _find_and_load File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2203, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1200, in _load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1129, in _exec File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1448, in exec_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 321, in _call_with_frames_removed File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 40, in <module> class Permission(models.Model): File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 125, in __new__ new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, **kwargs)) File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 300, in add_to_class value.contribute_to_class(cls, name) File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 166, in contribute_to_class self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length()) File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 40, in __getattr__ return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item) File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 242, in __getitem__ backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE']) File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 108, in load_backend return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name) File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/importlib/__init__.py", line 109, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2231, in _gcd_import File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2214, in _find_and_load File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2203, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1200, in _load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1129, in _exec File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1448, in exec_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 321, in _call_with_frames_removed File "/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql_psycopg2/base.py", line 27, in <module> raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading psycopg2 module: %s" % e) django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading psycopg2 module: No module named 'psycopg2' (django_test_venv)jeffy@originaldjangster:~/django_files/django_test$ </code></pre> 我确认此文件存在，它与<code>DATABASE</code>值匹配： <code>/home/jeffy/django_files/django_test_venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql_psycopg2</code> （重复一遍：我用<code>-p /usr/bin/python3.4</code>安装了我的virtualenv，这与指示的不同，尽管我不知道这是否有区别。）

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匿名 1天前

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python管理.pysyncdb失败，并显示“未正确配置：没有名为”psycopg2“的模块

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