csv文件中列值的python精确匹配

Question

我有一个包含若干行和列的csv文件。 我想使用Python3.4过滤我的文件，并创建一个新文件，其中某些行中的值完全匹配。我的问题是，我选择了两列作为筛选行的依据：如果EQA nb与列表中组织的确切名称匹配，则将该行复制到新文件中

我的文件如下所示：

EQA_nb,organization,a,b,c,d
16,TCS,a1,b1,c1,d1
14,LS,a2,b2,c2,d2
14,BMC,a3,b3,c3,d3
2,TLS,a4,b4,c4,d4
6,LCHC,a5,b5,c5,d5
14,TLS,a6,b6,c6,d6
etc..

我的代码是：

import csv
with open ('data.csv','w',newline='') as outf, open('output.csv','r', newline='')as inf:
    reader = csv.DictReader(inf, delimiter=',')
    writer = csv.DictWriter(outf, fieldnames=reader.fieldnames, delimiter=',')
    writer.writeheader()

    for row in reader:
        if ((row["EQA_nb"]== '6' and row["organization"] in "EP, LCHC, SP")
                or (row["EQA_nb"]== "2" and row["organization"] in "AMC, LCHC, SGPLP, TCS, TLS")
                or (row["EQA_nb"]== "7" and row["organization"] in "GP")
                or (row["EQA_nb"]== "8" and row["organization"] in "LFMC")
                or (row["EQA_nb"]== "9" and row["organization"] in "LS")
                or (row["EQA_nb"]== "11" and row["organization"] in "DP, WSS")
                or (row["EQA_nb"]== "13" and row["organization"] in "TRP")
                or (row["EQA_nb"]== "14" and row["organization"] in "BMC,TLS")): 

            writer.writerow(row)

我想得到一个新文件，显示与指定行值的精确匹配，即显示14个TL，但不是14个LS，例如当前代码所示。 谢谢你的帮助

Answer 1

通过将匹配项放入字典中，将if/elif链简化为单个查找，可以非常灵活地完成这项工作，然后使用operator.itemgetter对其进行优化

import csv
import operator


mapping = {
    "6": ["EP", "LCHC", "SP"],
    "2": ["AMC", "LCHC", "SGPLP", "TCS", "TLS"],
    "7": ["GP"],
    "8": ["LFMC"],
    "9": ["LS"],
    "11": ["DP", "WSS"],
    "13": ["TRP"],
    "14": ["BMC", "TLS"],
}


kv = operator.itemgetter("EQA_nb", "organization")


with open("data.csv", "w", newline="") as outf, open("output.csv", "r", newline="") as inf:
    reader = csv.DictReader(inf, delimiter=",")
    writer = csv.DictWriter(outf, fieldnames=reader.fieldnames, delimiter=",")
    writer.writeheader()

    for row in reader:
        eqa, org = kv(row)
        if org in mapping.get(eqa, []):
            writer.writerow(row)

Answer 2

替换

'BMC,TLS'

与

['BMP', 'TLS']

然后

row['organization'] in ['BMP', 'TLS']

将匹配“TLS”，但不匹配“LS”