Pip安装matplotlib在M1 Mac上失败

Question

我在M1 Mac上通过pip安装matplotlib时遇到困难。我已经通过自制安装了Python 3.9.1

运行pip3 install matplotlib时，安装程序会尝试安装最新版本matplotlib 3.3.4。安装程序被卡住，一段时间后会打印一条巨大的错误消息。在此之后，它会尝试安装版本3.3.3，之后再次发生同样的情况，依此类推。出了什么问题

以下是一些错误消息：

    william@Williams-MacBook-Pro ~ % pip3 install matplotlib
Collecting matplotlib
  Using cached matplotlib-3.3.4.tar.gz (37.9 MB)
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /opt/homebrew/opt/python@3.9/bin/python3.9 -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/yb/rgjfc7ws25ddwd07x96f4fmw0000gn/T/pip-install-h7oltt2f/matplotlib_1ad1e28a38b14b40ae2bcaa7f9b01cab/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/yb/rgjfc7ws25ddwd07x96f4fmw0000gn/T/pip-install-h7oltt2f/matplotlib_1ad1e28a38b14b40ae2bcaa7f9b01cab/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' egg_info --egg-base /private/var/folders/yb/rgjfc7ws25ddwd07x96f4fmw0000gn/T/pip-pip-egg-info-0jjax4jc
         cwd: /private/var/folders/yb/rgjfc7ws25ddwd07x96f4fmw0000gn/T/pip-install-h7oltt2f/matplotlib_1ad1e28a38b14b40ae2bcaa7f9b01cab/
    Complete output (2287 lines):
      ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
       command: /opt/homebrew/opt/python@3.9/bin/python3.9 /opt/homebrew/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py build_wheel /var/folders/yb/rgjfc7ws25ddwd07x96f4fmw0000gn/T/tmp3p0is_vc
           cwd: /private/var/folders/yb/rgjfc7ws25ddwd07x96f4fmw0000gn/T/pip-wheel-5rqmhbah/numpy_cefeff1e3acc4faea4c06d0f4597b2da

Answer 1

1. 安装Miniforge用于arm64（苹果硅）最新安装程序，请点击此处：installer here

2. 现在为您拥有的任何版本创建一个conda环境（我正在运行3.9.2）

conda create -n cenv python=3.9.2
conda activate cenv
conda install matplotlib

如果在撰写本文时，您试图从wheels/pip开始，那么您将为使所有不同的包都能正常工作而发疯

Answer 2

试图在我的M1 Macbook（Big Sur 11.6，python 3.9.7）上安装matplotlib，我得到了：

Invalid configuration `arm64-apple-darwin20.6.0': machine `arm64-apple' not recognized`

我能够解决这个问题并在以下注释的帮助下安装matplotlib：https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/issues/20661#issuecomment-889189712

总结：

$ cat <<EOF > setup.cfg
[libs]
system_freetype = True
EOF
$ export MPLSETUPCFG=$PWD/setup.cfg
$ python -m pip install matplotlib

Answer 3

python3 -m pip install cython   
python3 -m pip install  no-binary :all:  no-use-pep517 numpy
brew install libjpeg
python3 -m pip install matplotlib

为我工作，此时它安装了numpy 1.20.1

来自自制的相同Python版本（3.9.1）