如何对文本文件中的数字进行分类？

Question

我有一个5000行的文本文件。其格式如下：

1,3,4,1,2,3,5,build
2,6,4,6,7,3,4,demolish
3,6,10,2,3,1,3,demolish
4,4,1,2,3,4,5,demolish
5,1,1,1,1,6,8,build

我想制作不同的列表，例如： 第二列：

second_build=[3,1]
second_demolish=[6,6,4]

我试过这样的方法：

with open('cons.data') as file:
    second_build=[line.split(',')[1] for line in file if line.split(',')[7]=='build']

但它没有起作用

Answer 1

只需首先将readlines设为变量，然后在列表中简单添加一个rstrip即可，因为值（最后一个除外）的末尾都有'\n'，所以将其去掉，并将其设为整数：

with open('cons.data') as file:
    f=file.readlines()
    second_build=[int(line.split(',')[1]) for line in f if line.rstrip().split(',')[-1]=='build']
    second_demolish=[int(line.split(',')[1]) for line in f if line.rstrip().split(',')[-1]=='demolish']

现在：

print(second_build)
print(second_demolish)

是:

[3, 1]
[6, 6, 4]

Answer 2

可以按如下方式获取每个列/操作的值：

lines = """1,3,4,1,2,3,5,build
2,6,4,6,7,3,4,demolish
3,6,10,2,3,1,3,demolish
4,4,1,2,3,4,5,demolish
5,1,1,1,1,6,8,build""".split(
    "\n"
)

build_cols = [list() for _ in range(7)]
demolish_cols = [list() for _ in range(7)]
data = {"build": build_cols, "demolish": demolish_cols}

for line in lines:
    tokens = line.split(",")
    for bc, tok in zip(data[tokens[-1]], tokens):
        bc.append(tok)

# to access second column build values:
print(build_cols[1])
# ['3', '1']

例如，build_cols存储列表列表，每个条目表示一列。对于每个生成行，您将适当列中的项附加到build_cols中的相应位置