文件处理和计算文件中字符串的出现次数

Question

Occurrences( inputFileNames, words, outputFileName )

对于列表inputFileNames中的每个文件，输出到 名为outputFileName的文件是输入的名称 文件，对于列表中的每个单词words 单个单词出现的次数；如果有任何输入 无法读取文件，请发出适当的错误消息 跳过那个文件。为了增加乐趣，不使用 .count()内置函数

Occurrences( ["sample1.txt","sample2.txt","sample3.txt"], ["why","you","fate","among"], "out.txt")

out.txt然后包含：

File Name: why you fate among sample1.txt 3 0 0 0 sample2.txt 2 2 1 1 sample3.txt 0 3 0 0

到目前为止我得到的是

def Occurrences(inputFileNames,words,outputFileName):
    output = open(outputFileName,"a")

    try:
        for file in inputFileNames:
            opned = open(file,"r")
            print(opned)
            counters = [0 for file in range (len(words))]
            index = 0
            for i in words:
                for line in opned:
                    if i in line:
                        print("WORD",i,"LINE",line)
                        counters[index] += 1
                index +=1
            print(counters)

    except IOError:
        file.close()
        print("*** Occurrences: File handle Error")

Answer 1

我也绝对推荐使用计数法。从您的示例中，我看不出您在哪里尝试将结果写入输出文件，因此我将解释一个可能的实现

def occurrences(inputFileNames, words, outputFileName):
    wordCount = {}
    # This dictionary will hold our wordCount and be used for construnction of the output file

    for file in inputFileNames:
        # Iterate over the files
        try:
            with open(file, 'r') as infile:
                content = infile.read().strip().split(" ")
            # Declare entry to wordCount for file only if no IOError is raised
            wordCount[file] = [0 for j in range(len(words))]
            for i in  range(len(words)):
                # Instead of iterating over the contents manually, split them and use the count method
                wordCount[file][i] = str(content.count(words[i]))
        except IOError:
            print("The file {} could not be read.".format(file))

    with open(outputFileName, 'w+') as outfile:
        # Iterate over the wordCount dict and write the output
        for i in wordCount.keys():
            outfile.write(i+" "+" ".join(wordCount[i])+"\n")
occurrences(["book.txt"], ["Alice", "hole", "Rabbit"], "occ.txt")

然后，occ.txt包含：

book.txt 155 0 26

要在不使用count方法的情况下实现这一点，一种可能的方法是逐元素迭代contentlist元素，并在单词与元素匹配时增加计数

for i in  range(len(words)):
    count = 0
    for word in content:
        if words[i] == word:
            count += 1
    wordCount[file][i] = str(count)