改进Cronbachα码python-numpy的性能

Question

我做了一些计算Cronbach Alpha的代码。但是我不太擅长使用lambda函数。有没有一种方法可以通过使用lambda而不是svar（）函数并通过使用numpy数组来消除一些for循环来减少代码并提高效率？在

import numpy as np


def svar(X):
    n = float(len(X))
    svar=(sum([(x-np.mean(X))**2 for x in X]) / n)* n/(n-1.)
    return svar


def CronbachAlpha(itemscores):
    itemvars = [svar(item) for item in itemscores]
    tscores = [0] * len(itemscores[0])
    for item in itemscores:
       for i in range(len(item)):
          tscores[i]+= item[i]
    nitems = len(itemscores)
    #print "total scores=", tscores, 'number of items=', nitems

    Calpha=nitems/(nitems-1.) * (1-sum(itemvars)/ svar(tscores))

    return Calpha

###########Test################
itemscores = [[ 4,14,3,3,23,4,52,3,33,3],
              [ 5,14,4,3,24,5,55,4,15,3]]
print "Cronbach alpha = ", CronbachAlpha(itemscores)

Answer 1

def CronbachAlpha(itemscores):
    itemscores = numpy.asarray(itemscores)
    itemvars = itemscores.var(axis=1, ddof=1)
    tscores = itemscores.sum(axis=0)
    nitems = len(itemscores)

    return nitems / (nitems-1.) * (1 - itemvars.sum() / tscores.var(ddof=1))

NumPy内置了一个方差函数。指定ddof=1使用分母N-1，给出样本方差。还有一个sum内置的。在

Answer 2

正如Julien Marrec提到的，我建议对CronbachAlpha进行以下重构：

def CronbachAlpha(itemscores):
    # cols are items, rows are observations
    itemscores = np.asarray(itemscores)
    itemvars = itemscores.var(axis=0, ddof=1)
    tscores = itemscores.sum(axis=1)
    nitems = len(itemscores.columns)

    return (nitems / (nitems-1)) * (1 - (itemvars.sum() / tscores.var(ddof=1)))