使用url_for in flask for external url返回werkzeug.routing.BuildE

Question

我已经编写了一个flask服务器，它在某些情况下将用户重定向到外部站点。我使用pythonunittest模块编写了一些单元测试。对于其中一些正在测试重定向部分的人，我得到了werkzeug.routing.BuildError。以下是其中一个测试用例的代码：

with app.app_context(), app.test_request_context():
    response = self.app.get('/{0}'.format(test_url), follow_redirects=False)
    self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)
    self.assertEqual(response.location, url_for('https://www.linkedin.com/in/zeinab-abbasimazar-0327aa47', _external=True, _scheme='https'))

这是完整的堆栈跟踪：

Ran 1 test in 3.211s

FAILED (errors=1)

Error
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/unittest/case.py", line 59, in testPartExecutor
    yield
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/unittest/case.py", line 605, in run
    testMethod()
  File "/home/zeinab/PycharmProjects/url_shortener/tests.py", line 167, in test_get_long_existing_url
    self.assertEqual(response.location, url_for(long_url, _external=True, _scheme='https'))
  File "/home/zeinab/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/helpers.py", line 370, in url_for
    return appctx.app.handle_url_build_error(error, endpoint, values)
  File "/home/zeinab/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2215, in handle_url_build_error
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/home/zeinab/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 39, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/home/zeinab/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/helpers.py", line 358, in url_for
    endpoint, values, method=method, force_external=external
  File "/home/zeinab/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/werkzeug/routing.py", line 2020, in build
    raise BuildError(endpoint, values, method, self)
werkzeug.routing.BuildError: Could not build url for endpoint 'https://www.linkedin.com/in/zeinab-abbasimazar-0327aa47'. Did you mean 'static' instead?


Assertion failed

在setUp方法中，我还有以下几行：

app.config['PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME'] = 'https'

我尝试了修补url_for方法，如this question中所述；但这并没有改变我的结果

我还尝试了_force_https方法来解释here，但没有看到任何变化

当我读到this page时，我打印出了app.config['wsgi.url_scheme']，它是https

我正在Ubuntu系统上使用Python3.6。有人能帮我纠正这个错误吗

Answer 1

直接与url一起使用字符串，而不使用url_for()

self.assertEqual(response.location, 'https://www.linkedin.com/in/zeinab-abbasimazar-0327aa47')

通常url_for()也会创建带有url的字符串，但它只为代码中的函数名url_for(function_name)而不是url