为什么quizfile.write（“”）不能从第二个for循环开始工作

Question

我在那本无聊的书上找到了这个问题。这里也给出了代码，但当我自己练习时，我遇到的问题是，在第一个for循环之后，这个代码没有写入文件

import random
import os
capitals = {'Alabama': 'Montgomery', 'Alaska': 'Juneau', 'Arizona': 'Phoenix',
   'Arkansas': 'Little Rock', 'California': 'Sacramento', 'Colorado': 'Denver',
   'Connecticut': 'Hartford', 'Delaware': 'Dover', 'Florida': 'Tallahassee',
   'Georgia': 'Atlanta', 'Hawaii': 'Honolulu', 'Idaho': 'Boise', 'Illinois':
   'Springfield', 'Indiana': 'Indianapolis', 'Iowa': 'Des Moines', 'Kansas':
   'Topeka', 'Kentucky': 'Frankfort', 'Louisiana': 'Baton Rouge', 'Maine':
   'Augusta', 'Maryland': 'Annapolis', 'Massachusetts': 'Boston', 'Michigan':
   'Lansing', 'Minnesota': 'Saint Paul', 'Mississippi': 'Jackson', 'Missouri':
   'Jefferson City', 'Montana': 'Helena', 'Nebraska': 'Lincoln', 'Nevada':
   'Carson City', 'New Hampshire': 'Concord', 'New Jersey': 'Trenton', 
   'New Mexico': 'Santa Fe', 'New York': 'Albany', 'North Carolina': 'Raleigh',
   'North Dakota': 'Bismarck', 'Ohio': 'Columbus', 'Oklahoma': 'Oklahoma City',
   'Oregon': 'Salem', 'Pennsylvania': 'Harrisburg', 'Rhode Island': 'Providence',
   'South Carolina': 'Columbia', 'South Dakota': 'Pierre', 'Tennessee':
   'Nashville', 'Texas': 'Austin', 'Utah': 'Salt Lake City', 'Vermont':
   'Montpelier', 'Virginia': 'Richmond', 'Washington': 'Olympia', 
   'West Virginia': 'Charleston', 'Wisconsin': 'Madison', 'Wyoming': 'Cheyenne'}
#print (capitals)
for q in range(35):
    quizfile = open("capitalquiz%s.txt" %(q + 1), 'w')
    answerfile = open("Answerfile%s.txt"%(q + 1),'w')
    quizfile.write('Name:\n\nDate:\n\nPeriod:\n\n')
    quizfile.write((' ' * 20) + 'State Capitals Quiz (Form %s)' % (q + 1))
    quizfile.write('\n\n')

    states = list(capitals.keys())
    random.shuffle(states)
    quizfile.write("wefkjqennqkeanfeqkjn")
for i in range(50):
    correct_answer = capitals[states[i]]
    wrong_answer = list(capitals.values())
    del wrong_answer[correct_answer.index(correct_answer)]
    wrong_answers = random.sample(wrong_answer,3)
    answer_option = wrong_answers + [correct_answer]
    random.shuffle(answer_option)




for item in range(50):  
    #quizfile.write("******************************************************")
    quizfile.write("%s.what is the capital of %s" %(item+1,states[item]))
    for i in range(4):
        quizfile.write("%s. %s\n" %('ABCD'[i],answer_option[i]))
        answerfile.write("%s. %s\n" %(q+1,'ABCD'[answer_option.index(correct_answer)]))


quizfile.close()
answerfile.close()

Answer 1

有一些for循环需要嵌套在其他循环中。您正在尝试访问超出范围的变量，就像现在一样

你的代码，清理：

import random
import os
capitals = {'Alabama': 'Montgomery', 'Alaska': 'Juneau', 'Arizona': 'Phoenix',
   'Arkansas': 'Little Rock', 'California': 'Sacramento', 'Colorado': 'Denver',
   'Connecticut': 'Hartford', 'Delaware': 'Dover', 'Florida': 'Tallahassee',
   'Georgia': 'Atlanta', 'Hawaii': 'Honolulu', 'Idaho': 'Boise', 'Illinois':
   'Springfield', 'Indiana': 'Indianapolis', 'Iowa': 'Des Moines', 'Kansas':
   'Topeka', 'Kentucky': 'Frankfort', 'Louisiana': 'Baton Rouge', 'Maine':
   'Augusta', 'Maryland': 'Annapolis', 'Massachusetts': 'Boston', 'Michigan':
   'Lansing', 'Minnesota': 'Saint Paul', 'Mississippi': 'Jackson', 'Missouri':
   'Jefferson City', 'Montana': 'Helena', 'Nebraska': 'Lincoln', 'Nevada':
   'Carson City', 'New Hampshire': 'Concord', 'New Jersey': 'Trenton',
   'New Mexico': 'Santa Fe', 'New York': 'Albany', 'North Carolina': 'Raleigh',
   'North Dakota': 'Bismarck', 'Ohio': 'Columbus', 'Oklahoma': 'Oklahoma City',
   'Oregon': 'Salem', 'Pennsylvania': 'Harrisburg', 'Rhode Island': 'Providence',
   'South Carolina': 'Columbia', 'South Dakota': 'Pierre', 'Tennessee':
   'Nashville', 'Texas': 'Austin', 'Utah': 'Salt Lake City', 'Vermont':
   'Montpelier', 'Virginia': 'Richmond', 'Washington': 'Olympia',
   'West Virginia': 'Charleston', 'Wisconsin': 'Madison', 'Wyoming': 'Cheyenne'}

for q in range(35):
    quizfile = open("capitalquiz%s.txt" %(q + 1), 'w')
    answerfile = open("Answerfile%s.txt"%(q + 1),'w')
    quizfile.write('Name:\n\nDate:\n\nPeriod:\n\n')
    quizfile.write((' ' * 20) + 'State Capitals Quiz (Form %s)' % (q + 1))
    quizfile.write('\n\n')

    states = list(capitals.keys())
    random.shuffle(states)
    for i in range(50):
        correct_answer = capitals[states[i]]
        wrong_answer = list(capitals.values())
        del wrong_answer[correct_answer.index(correct_answer)]
        wrong_answers = random.sample(wrong_answer,3)
        answer_option = wrong_answers + [correct_answer]
        random.shuffle(answer_option)
        quizfile.write("%s.what is the capital of %s \n" %(i+1,states[i]))
        for j in range(4):
            quizfile.write("%s. %s\n" %('ABCD'[j],answer_option[j]))
            quizfile.write('\n')
        answerfile.write("%s. %s\n" %(i+1,'ABCD'[answer_option.index(correct_answer)]))

    quizfile.close()
    answerfile.close()

它不是最漂亮的，但我认为它做了你想做的