如何在Python中为特定类型的字母数字单词创建正则表达式

Question

我正在寻找在Python中创建基于正则表达式的搜索的建议。在服务器日志文件中有以下类型的字符串值

2017-03-18 13:24:05791信息[STDOUT]子请求状态：重新提交INBIOS\u ABZ824
2017-03-12 13:24:05796信息[STDOUT]子提交状态：重新提交INDROS\u MSR656
2017-04-12 13:24:05991信息[STDOUT]子请求状态：重新提交INHP\u GSN848

我需要搜索日志并提取如下值

2017-03-18 13:24:05791英比奥斯ABZ824
2017年3月12日13:24:05796 INDROS\u MSR656
2017-04-12 13:24:05991英国邮政编码：GSN848

我使用下面的代码，但是它提取了完整的行，其中包含了类似的字符串（INBIOS\u ABZ824）。如何从上面的日志中只提取指定的值，请分享您的想法。你知道吗

import os
import re

# Regex used to match relevant loglines (in this case)

line_regex = re.compile(r"[A-Z]+IOS_[A-Z]+[0-9]+", re.IGNORECASE)


# Output file, where the matched loglines will be copied to
output_filename = os.path.normpath("output.log")
# Overwrites the file, ensure we're starting out with a blank file
with open(output_filename, "w") as out_file:
    out_file.write("")

# Open output file in 'append' mode
with open(output_filename, "a") as out_file:
    # Open input file in 'read' mode
    with open("ServerError.txt", "r") as in_file:
        # Loop over each log line
        for line in in_file:
            # If log line matches our regex, print to console, and output file
            if (line_regex.search(line)):
                print(line)
                out_file.write(line)

Answer 1

我们终于找到了完美的答案。它将只提取所需的字符串，并消除与模式相关的其他值。你知道吗

在这里，我用另一个优化搜索结果重新匹配（）在其最终发送到outfile之前调用。你知道吗

import os
import re

# Regex used to match relevant loglines (in this case, a specific IP address)
line_regex = re.compile(r"error", re.IGNORECASE)

line_regex = re.compile(r"[A-Z]+OS_[A-Z]+[0-9]+", re.IGNORECASE)


# Output file, where the matched loglines will be copied to
output_filename = os.path.normpath("output.log")
# Overwrites the file, ensure we're starting out with a blank file
with open(output_filename, "w") as out_file:
    out_file.write("")

# Open output file in 'append' mode
with open(output_filename, "a") as out_file:
    # Open input file in 'read' mode
    with open("ServerError.txt", "r") as in_file:
        # Loop over each log line
        for line in in_file:
            # If log line matches our regex, print to console, and output file
            if (line_regex.search(line)):

                # Get index of last space
                last_ndx = line.rfind(' ')
                # line[:23]: The time stamp (first 23 characters)
                # line[last_ndx:]: Last space and following characters
                # using match object to eliminate other strings which are associated with the pattern ,
                # need the string from which the request ID is in the last index
                matchObj = re.match(line_regex, line[last_ndx+1:])
                #print(matchObj)
                #check if matchobj is not null
                if matchObj:
                    print(line[:23] + line[last_ndx:])
                    out_file.write(line[:23] + line[last_ndx:])

Answer 2

您可以匹配一个或多个大写字符[A-Z]+、下划线_，然后匹配零个或多个[A-Z]*次大写字符，后跟一个或多个数字[0-9]+。你知道吗

Use可能使用word boundary\b，因此它不是长匹配的一部分。你知道吗

\b[A-Z]+_[A-Z]*[0-9]+\b

Regex demo

Answer 3

一个regexp就可以了。常见的线程似乎都是大写字母alpha，以TEC_开头，后面是字母和数字，所以。。。你知道吗

[A-Z]+TEC_[A-Z]+[0-9]+

参见https://regexr.com/3qveu了解测试。你知道吗