如何在Python中逐字比较字符串与列表中的项

Question

我有一个列表，我想比较用户输入与该列表，但字符字符。例如，用户只能输入一些字符，其余的字符用点隔开。（例如：V…r..n） 如何逐字符比较字符串，如果它只包含用户输入的所有字符（跳过点）

list1 = ["Vaporeon", "Jolteon", "Flareon", "Espeon", "Umbreon", "Leafeon", "Glaceon", "Sylveon"]
s = input()  # for example "V...r..n"
for i in list1:
    # if s include exactly characters in i (skip the dots)
        print(i)

Answer 1

可以使用正则表达式：

import re

list1 = ["Vaporeon", "Jolteon", "Flareon", "Espeon", "Umbreon", "Leafeon", "Glaceon", "Sylveon"]
s = input()  # for example "V...r..n"

re_s = re.compile(''.join('.' if ch == '.' else re.escape(ch) for ch in s) + '$')
for i in list1:
    if re_s.match(i):
        print(i)

编辑：其他答案中似乎缺少的另一个选项是使用itertools.zip_longest：

from itertools import zip_longest

list1 = ["Vaporeon", "Jolteon", "Flareon", "Espeon", "Umbreon", "Leafeon", "Glaceon", "Sylveon"]
s = input()  # for example "V...r..n"
for i in list1:
    if all(c1 == c2 for c1, c2 in zip_longest(i, s) if c2 != '.'):
        print(i)

Answer 2

有几种方法可以解决它，用regex，用jpp的解决方案，或者用这个：

list1 = ["Vaporeon", "Jolteon", "Flareon", "Espeon", "Umbreon", "Leafeon", "Glaceon", "Sylveon"]
s = input()  # for example "V...r..n"
for word in list1:
    l = len(word)
    c = 0
    flag = True
    while c < l and flag:
        if s[c] != '.':
            if s[c] != word[c]:
                flag = False
        c += 1
    if flag:
        print(word)

Answer 3

这里有一条路。有两个步骤。首先将索引映射到相关字符。然后检查这些索引是否相等。你知道吗

L = ["Vaporeon", "Jolteon", "Flareon", "Espeon", "Umbreon", "Leafeon", "Glaceon", "Sylveon"]

s = input()
d = {k: v for k, v in enumerate(s) if v != '.'}

for item in L:
    if (len(s) == len(item)) and all(item[k] == v for k, v in d.items()):
        print(item)

# V...r..n
# Vaporeon