在python/tkin上将值从子窗口传递到父窗口

Question

我一直在尝试学习Python语言来获得乐趣，并决定最好是通过一个项目来完成它。因为我在一家啤酒厂工作，所以我觉得创建一个简单的GUI会很酷，这个GUI会显示工厂中的所有储罐，以及它持有的每种啤酒及其当前状态。如果我双击一个坦克，它会弹出一个新的窗口，允许我编辑坦克信息，但我有困难，使信息从子显示在父窗口（更具体地说，我想改变一个父列表的项目从一个组合框的子）。这张图片基本上显示了我正在努力实现的目标：

我认为这些值可能被正确地传递到了列表中，但是它们并没有被更新到要显示的相应小部件中。我试着在我的函数上调用.update()、.after()和.mainloop()，但没有任何变化。
我试着检查其他的答案，但我真的希望有一个方法来解决这个问题，而不诉诸课堂，因为我还不太明白他们。下面是我能想到的最简单的最小版本的代码：

import tkinter as tk  
from tkinter import ttk  
from PIL import Image, ImageTk  


def click_duplo_tfm(event):  # recognizes double-click on tanks and opens the specific window  
    if event.widget.extra == 'Widget TFM01':  
        abrir_janela('01', 1)  
    elif event.widget.extra == 'Widget TFM02':  
        abrir_janela('02', 2)  


def salvar_alteracoes():  
    print('THIS FUNCTION IS SUPPOSED TO PASS CHANGES TO PARENT WINDOW')  


def abrir_janela(num_tfm, ref):  # opens a new window to alter tank info  
    def manter_selecao_ceva(event):  
        global ceva_tqs  
        ceva_tqs[referencia] = opcao_ceva.get()  
        print(ceva_tqs[referencia])  

    def manter_selecao_status(event):  
        global status_tqs  
        status_tqs[referencia] = opcao_status.get()  
        print(status_tqs[referencia])  

    referencia = int(ref)  
    janela = tk.Toplevel(adega_grande)  
    janela.title('TFM-' + num_tfm)  
    janela.geometry('550x300')  
    tfm = Image.open(img_tqs[referencia])  
    tfm.thumbnail((300, 300), Image.ANTIALIAS)  
    photo_tfm = ImageTk.PhotoImage(tfm, master=janela)  
    label_tfm = tk.Label(image=photo_tfm, borderwidth=0, highlightthickness=0, master=janela)  
    label_tfm.image = photo_tfm  
    label_tfm.grid(column=1, rowspan=20, row=1)  
    qual_tfm = tk.Label(master=janela, text='TFM-' + num_tfm, font='Arial 24 bold')  
    qual_tfm.grid(column=2, row=1)  
    ceva = tk.Label(master=janela, text='Cerveja: ', font='Arial 20 bold')  
    ceva.grid(column=2, row=2, sticky='W')  
    ceva_selecionada = 'Ceva selecionada'  
    opcao_ceva = ttk.Combobox(master=janela, values=cervs_factory, state='readonly', textvariable=ceva_selecionada)  
    opcao_ceva.grid(column=3, row=2)  
    opcao_ceva.bind("<<ComboboxSelected>>", manter_selecao_ceva)  
    status = tk.Label(master=janela, text='Status: ', font='Arial 20 bold')  
    status.grid(column=2, row=3, sticky='W')  
    status_selecionado = 'Status selecionado'  
    opcao_status = ttk.Combobox(master=janela, values=('Fermentando', 'Maturando'), state='readonly', textvariable=status_selecionado)  
    opcao_status.grid(column=3, row=3)  
    opcao_status.bind("<<ComboboxSelected>>", manter_selecao_status)  
    botao_salvar_alteracoes = tk.Button(master=janela, text="Salvar alterações no TFM", command=salvar_alteracoes)  
    botao_salvar_alteracoes.grid(column=2, columnspan=2, row=4)  


# creates main window and tabs (there are 22 smaller tanks to be added later on second tab)  
gui = tk.Tk()  
gui.configure(background="white")  
gui.title("Acompanhamento de adegas")  
abas = tk.ttk.Notebook(gui)  
adega_grande = tk.Frame(abas)  
adega_pequena = tk.Frame(abas)  
abas.add(adega_grande, text='Adega Grande')  
abas.add(adega_pequena, text='Adega pequena')  
abas.grid()  

# list of all kinds of beer produced in the factory  
cervs_factory = ('VAZIO', 'Weiss', 'Vienna Lager')  

# list of images to show on the tanks  
img_tqs = ["",  
           "tq cheio Beer 1.png",    # TFM-01  
           "tq cheio Beer 2.png",       # TFM-02  
           ]              # TFM-12  

# list of which beer is currently on each tank  
ceva_tqs = ["",  
            cervs_factory[1],         # TFM-01  
            cervs_factory[2]]          # TFM-02  


# list of tank current status Fermenting/Maturing  
status_tqs = ["",  
              'Fermentando',    # TFM-01  
              'Maturando',      # TFM-02  
              ]              # TFM-12  


# ~~~~  TFM's Adega Grande  ~~~~ #  
font_titulo_tfm = 'Arial 14 bold'  # altera fonte e tamanho dos títulos dos TFM's  
font_cerv_e_status = 'Arial 12 bold'  # altera fonte e tamanho do tipo de cerveja e status dos TFM's  
tamanho_img_tqs = (250, 250)  # altera o tamanho das imagens dos TFM's, só considera o menor valor  

tfm01 = Image.open(img_tqs[1])  
tfm01.thumbnail(tamanho_img_tqs, Image.ANTIALIAS)  
photo_tfm01 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(tfm01)  
label_tfm01 = tk.Label(adega_grande, image=photo_tfm01, borderwidth=0, highlightthickness=0)  
label_tfm01.grid(column=1, row=0)  
legenda_tfm01 = tk.Label(adega_grande, text='TFM-01', font=font_titulo_tfm)  
legenda_tfm01.grid(column=1, row=1)  
ceva01 = tk.Label(adega_grande, text=ceva_tqs[1], font=font_cerv_e_status)  
ceva01.grid(column=1, row=2)  
status01 = tk.Label(adega_grande, text=status_tqs[1], font=font_cerv_e_status, fg='green')  
status01.grid(column=1, row=3)  
label_tfm01.bind('<Double-Button-1>', click_duplo_tfm)  
label_tfm01.extra = "Widget TFM01"  

tfm02 = Image.open(img_tqs[2])  
tfm02.thumbnail(tamanho_img_tqs, Image.ANTIALIAS)  
photo_tfm02 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(tfm02)  
label_tfm02 = tk.Label(adega_grande, image=photo_tfm02, borderwidth=0, highlightthickness=0)  
label_tfm02.grid(column=2, row=0)  
legenda_tfm02 = tk.Label(adega_grande, text='TFM-02', font=font_titulo_tfm)  
legenda_tfm02.grid(column=2, row=1)  
ceva02 = tk.Label(adega_grande, text=ceva_tqs[2], font=font_cerv_e_status)  
ceva02.grid(column=2, row=2)  
status02 = tk.Label(adega_grande, text=status_tqs[2], font=font_cerv_e_status, fg='blue')  
status02.grid(column=2, row=3)  
label_tfm02.bind('<Double-Button-1>', click_duplo_tfm)  
label_tfm02.extra = "Widget TFM02"  

abas.mainloop()    

如果我的问题/代码太长，我希望得到原谅，我对编码非常陌生，这是我第一次寻求帮助。英语也不是很流利，但我想你们明白我的问题所在了。提前感谢您的任何见解。你知道吗

Answer 1

如果使用类，确实容易得多，但是使用当前的方法仍然是可行的。你知道吗

基本上，您需要首先将您的品牌/状态标签存储到一个容器（如list），然后在生成Toplevel小部件时，传递一个索引，以便知道需要修改哪些标签。以下是最低限度的样本：

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from itertools import cycle

root = tk.Tk()
brands = ('VAZIO', 'Weiss', 'Vienna Lager')
status = ("Fermenting","Maturing")
beer_factory = cycle(brands)
beer_status = cycle(status)
beer = []

for i in range(6):
    a = tk.Label(root,text=f"TFM-0{i+1}",width=20)
    a.grid(row=0,column=i)
    b = tk.Label(root, text=next(beer_factory))
    b.grid(row=1, column=i)
    c = tk.Label(root, text=next(beer_status))
    c.grid(row=2, column=i)
    a.bind('<Double-Button-1>', lambda e, i=i: toplevel(e,i))
    beer.append([a,b,c])

def toplevel(event, i):
    top = tk.Toplevel()
    tk.Label(top,text="Beer factory").grid(row=0,column=0)
    tk.Label(top, text="Status").grid(row=1, column=0)
    com1 = ttk.Combobox(top,values=brands,state="readonly")
    com1.set(beer[i][1]["text"])
    com1.grid(row=0,column=1)
    com2 = ttk.Combobox(top,values=status,state="readonly")
    com2.set(beer[i][2]["text"])
    com2.grid(row=1,column=1)
    def finish():
        beer[i][1].config(text=com1.get())
        beer[i][2].config(text=com2.get())
        top.destroy()
    tk.Button(top,text="Finish",command=finish).grid(row=3,column=0,columnspan=2)

root.mainloop()

<Double-Button-1>事件绑定到标签TFM-0X