如何解析XML并存储为列表（python）

Question

对不起，我不得不再问一次。你知道吗

我想通过xml.etree.ElementTree将xml文件转换为excel。你知道吗

假设我的xml看起来像：

<ParameterCluster>
          <Name>AAAAAA</Name>
          <ParameterDefinitionList>
            <ParameterDefinition>
              <Name>LengthMin</Name>
              <Type>UInt8</Type>
            </ParameterDefinition>
            <ParameterDefinition>
              <Name>LengthMax</Name>
              <Type>UInt8</Type>
            </ParameterDefinition>
          </ParameterDefinitionList>

          <VariantImlementationList>
            <VariantImlementation>
              <MajorVariantList>
                <MajorVariant>A_Basis</MajorVariant>
              </MajorVariantList>
              <MinorVariantList>
                        <ParameterValue>
                          <ValueList>
                            <Value>47</Value>
                          </ValueList>
                          <ValueList>
                            <Value>80</Value>
                          </ValueList>
                        </ParameterValue>
              </MinorVariantList>
              <MajorVariantList>
                <MajorVariant>B_Basis</MajorVariant>
                <MajorVariant>C_Basis</MajorVariant>
              </MajorVariantList>
              <MinorVariantList>
                        <ParameterValue>
                          <ValueList>
                            <Value>47</Value>
                          </ValueList>
                          <ValueList>
                            <Value>40</Value>
                          </ValueList>
                        </ParameterValue>
              </MinorVariantList> 
            </VariantImlementation>
          </VariantImlementationList>
        </ParameterCluster>

也就是说，我有3基础（A_basis，B_basis，C_basis）。你知道吗

在A_ Basis中，LengthMin的值是47，LengthMax的值是80。你知道吗

但是在B_basis和C_Basis中。LengthMin的值是47，LengthMax的值是40。你知道吗

所以我想得到这样的东西：

{'AAAAAA','LengthMin','UInt8','A_Basis',47}
{'AAAAAA','LengthMax','UInt8','A_Basis',80}
{'AAAAAA','LengthMin','UInt8','B_Basis',47}
{'AAAAAA','LengthMax','UInt8','B_Basis',40}
{'AAAAAA','LengthMin','UInt8','C_Basis',47}
{'AAAAAA','LengthMax','UInt8','C_Basis',40}

然后我可以把它写进excel文件。有可能得到这样的名单吗？你知道吗

Answer 1

对于解析XML，可以使用BeautifulSoup而不是xml.etree.ElementTree（界面更直观）。你知道吗

解析非常简单（假设ParameterValue的长度始终与ParameterValue.ValueList相同：首先需要提取参数类型，然后遍历所有<MajorVariant>并填充结果列表。你知道吗

如果BeautifulSoup不是问题，下面是示例代码：

data = """<ParameterCluster>
              <Name>AAAAAA</Name>
              <ParameterDefinitionList>
                <ParameterDefinition>
                  <Name>LengthMin</Name>
                  <Type>UInt8</Type>
                </ParameterDefinition>
                <ParameterDefinition>
                  <Name>LengthMax</Name>
                  <Type>UInt8</Type>
                </ParameterDefinition>
              </ParameterDefinitionList>

              <VariantImlementationList>
                <VariantImlementation>
                  <MajorVariantList>
                    <MajorVariant>A_Basis</MajorVariant>
                  </MajorVariantList>
                  <MinorVariantList>
                            <ParameterValue>
                              <ValueList>
                                <Value>47</Value>
                              </ValueList>
                              <ValueList>
                                <Value>80</Value>
                              </ValueList>
                            </ParameterValue>
                  </MinorVariantList>
                  <MajorVariantList>
                    <MajorVariant>B_Basis</MajorVariant>
                    <MajorVariant>C_Basis</MajorVariant>
                  </MajorVariantList>
                  <MinorVariantList>
                            <ParameterValue>
                              <ValueList>
                                <Value>47</Value>
                              </ValueList>
                              <ValueList>
                                <Value>40</Value>
                              </ValueList>
                            </ParameterValue>
                  </MinorVariantList>
                </VariantImlementation>
              </VariantImlementationList>
            </ParameterCluster>"""


from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from pprint import pprint

soup = BeautifulSoup(data, 'xml')

name, types = soup.select_one('Name'), []
for n, t in zip(soup.select('ParameterDefinitionList Name'), soup.select('ParameterDefinitionList Type')):
    types.append([name.text, n.text, t.text])

rv = []
for major, minor in zip(soup.select('MajorVariantList'), soup.select('MajorVariantList ~ MinorVariantList')):
    for mj in major.select('MajorVariant'):
        for i, mn in enumerate(minor.select('Value')):
            rv.append(types[i] + [mj.text, mn.text])

pprint(rv, width=120)

输出：

[['AAAAAA', 'LengthMin', 'UInt8', 'A_Basis', '47'],
 ['AAAAAA', 'LengthMax', 'UInt8', 'A_Basis', '80'],
 ['AAAAAA', 'LengthMin', 'UInt8', 'B_Basis', '47'],
 ['AAAAAA', 'LengthMax', 'UInt8', 'B_Basis', '40'],
 ['AAAAAA', 'LengthMin', 'UInt8', 'C_Basis', '47'],
 ['AAAAAA', 'LengthMax', 'UInt8', 'C_Basis', '40']]