小写和小写+标题版本的特定字数不同

Question

很明显，我遗漏了一些简单的东西，我的猜测是，text1中还存在其他一些“whale”的外壳。比答案更重要的是，除了在text1和text1L中不区分大小写地搜索“whale”之外，如何有效地调试它？你知道吗

谢谢，我在NLTK的日子还早。你知道吗

import nltk
from nltk.book import *
text1L=[w.lower() for w in text1]
print(text1L.count('whale'))
>>>1226
print(text1.count('Whale')+text1.count('whale'))
>>>1188

Answer 1

遍历nltk.Text对象返回一个字符串列表，每个字符串都是一个单词，如果对列表中的所有字符串应用相同的操作，那么使用map()可能是一个好主意。你知道吗

>>> from nltk.book import * 
>>> text1_lowered = list(map(str.lower, text1))
>>> text1_lowered.count('whale')
1226
>>> text1_lowered.count('Whale')
0
>>> text1.count('Whale') + text1.count('whale')
1188

为了解答其他“鲸鱼”从何而来的奥秘，我们得到1226条：

>>> from collections import Counter
>>> Counter([word for word in text1 if word.lower() == 'whale'])
Counter({'whale': 906, 'Whale': 282, 'WHALE': 38})

---

关于@axiom生成所有可能的“whale”大小写组合的想法，请参见String manipulation in Python (All upper and lower case derivatives of a word)

>>> from itertools import product

>>> cRaZySpe3K = lambda s: [''.join(x) for x in product(*[{c.upper(), c} for c in s.lower()])]

>>> cRaZySpe3K('whale')
['WHALe', 'WHALE', 'WHAle', 'WHAlE', 'WHaLe', 'WHaLE', 'WHale', 'WHalE', 'WhALe', 'WhALE', 'WhAle', 'WhAlE', 'WhaLe', 'WhaLE', 'Whale', 'WhalE', 'wHALe', 'wHALE', 'wHAle', 'wHAlE', 'wHaLe', 'wHaLE', 'wHale', 'wHalE', 'whALe', 'whALE', 'whAle', 'whAlE', 'whaLe', 'whaLE', 'whale', 'whalE']

>>> {whale:text1.count(whale) for whale in cRaZySpe3K('whale')}
{'WHALe': 0, 'WHALE': 38, 'WHAle': 0, 'WHAlE': 0, 'WHaLe': 0, 'WHaLE': 0, 'WHale': 0, 'WHalE': 0, 'WhALe': 0, 'WhALE': 0, 'WhAle': 0, 'WhAlE': 0, 'WhaLe': 0, 'WhaLE': 0, 'Whale': 282, 'WhalE': 0, 'wHALe': 0, 'wHALE': 0, 'wHAle': 0, 'wHAlE': 0, 'wHaLe': 0, 'wHaLE': 0, 'wHale': 0, 'wHalE': 0, 'whALe': 0, 'whALE': 0, 'whAle': 0, 'whAlE': 0, 'whaLe': 0, 'whaLE': 0, 'whale': 906, 'whalE': 0}